Selection against immigrants in wild seabird populations

Barbraud, Christophe; Delord, Karine

doi:10.1111/ele.13624

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Bias in demographic parameters were higher in the long-lived species characterized by a higher proportion of adults and thus of immigrants, than in the short-lived species characterized by a higher proportion of juveniles. Moreover, the bias in parameter estimates is expected to change if immigrants have different survival and reproductive success than residents (Grist et al 2017;Rolandsen et al 2017;Barbraud and Delord 2021).…”

Section: Generality and Limits Of Our Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of violating assumptions of integrated population models on parameter estimates

2021

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While ecologists know that models require assumptions, the consequences of their violation become vague as model complexity increases. Integrated population models (IPMs) combine several datasets to inform a population model and to estimate survival and reproduction parameters jointly with higher precision than is possible using independent models. However, accuracy actually depends on an adequate fit of the model to datasets. We first investigated bias of parameters obtained from integrated population models when specific assumptions are violated. For instance, a model may assume that all females reproduce although there are non-breeding females in the population. Our second goal was to identify which diagnostic tests are sensitive to detect violations of the assumptions of IPMs. We simulated data mimicking a short- and a long-lived species under five scenarios in which a specific assumption is violated. For each simulated scenario, we fitted an IPM that violates the assumption (simple IPM) and an IPM that does not violate each specific assumption. We estimated bias and uncertainty of parameters and performed seven diagnostic tests to assess the fit of the models to the data. Our results show that the simple IPM was quite robust to violation of many assumptions and only resulted in small bias of the parameter estimates. Yet, the applied diagnostic tests were not sensitive to detect such small bias. The violation of some assumptions such as the absence of immigrants resulted in larger bias to which diagnostic tests were more sensitive. The parameters informed by the least amount of data were the most biased in all scenarios. We provide guidelines to identify misspecified models and to diagnose the assumption being violated. Simple models should often be sufficient to describe simple population dynamics, and when data are abundant, complex models accounting for specific processes will be able to shed light on specific biological questions.

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Section: Generality and Limits Of Our Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of violating assumptions of integrated population models on parameter estimates

2021

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“…If some local habitats are more suited than others (i.e., with higher quality), then some valleys will show a higher proportion of gulls recaptured with natal philopatry returning every year (philopatry benefits) [38,39]. Conversely, dispersers (i.e., gulls coming from any other nesting area) should be captured less frequently (selection against immigrants) [42]. For instance, a recent study found evidence of selection against immigrants, which were found to have a lower fitness than residents in wild seabird populations of three long-lived Procellariiformes species (Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans, Southern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialoides, and Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea) [42].…”

Section: Philopatry and Dispersal Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, dispersers (i.e., gulls coming from any other nesting area) should be captured less frequently (selection against immigrants) [42]. For instance, a recent study found evidence of selection against immigrants, which were found to have a lower fitness than residents in wild seabird populations of three long-lived Procellariiformes species (Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans, Southern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialoides, and Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea) [42]. Other interactions may include the deterring by successive occupation of other birds arriving in large numbers or predation (Figure S2), in addition to differences in egg sizes influenced by nest densities, habitat, and nest-site selection, as have been the cases for the Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) and the Common Gull (L. canus) [101,102].…”

Section: Philopatry and Dispersal Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, islands are important refuges because they bring protection from predators, while inter-colony segregation can occur if food resources are available in separated foraging areas [36][37][38]. Hence, local habitat differences may constrain the genetic exchange between populations, favoring ecological segregation by benefits of philopatry in high quality areas and discouraging movement to new environments through reduction of fitness by selection against dispersers [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strong Philopatry, Isolation by Distance, and Local Habitat Have Promoted Genetic Structure in Heermann’s Gull

et al. 2022

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Philopatry can promote genetic differentiation among populations but remains undescribed in many seabirds. Hence, we explored such associations in Heermann’s Gull. Philopatry was observed monitoring 998 gulls in Rasa Island, while genetic differences were examined in the Cardonosa, Rasa, and Isabel islands using the cytochrome b of 296 gulls. Adults returned repeatedly to its natal valley or to a very close distance from it under different modelled hypotheses. Likewise, the interaction between sex and distance indicated significant male-biased philopatry. Besides, low to high genetic differentiation was observed between the Rasa and Cardonosa islands (ΦST = 0–0.22) (both in the Midriff Islands Region), but higher genetic differentiation against Isabel Island (ΦST > 0.25) (in the Mexican Province region). Consistently, genetic structure among regions was observed using different approaches (AMOVA: ΦCT = 0.49; SAMOVA: FCT = 0.49; and BAPS: K = 2). Similarly, a pattern of isolation by distance (rM= 0.82, p = 0.03), agrees with lower estimates of scaled migration rates between regions than among islands of the same region. Overall, it is suggested that the genetic structure found in Heermann’s Gull has been promoted by physical and behavioral barriers.

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“…During both transience and settlement, dispersers are also likely to suffer missed feeding opportunities [75] and greater stress [27], likely generating substantial life-history costs (e.g. [76]). In agreement, Johnson et al [77] found that mortality risk increased with dispersal distance in juvenile American martens (Martes americana) so that individuals in poor condition settled closer to their natal range.…”

Section: (C) Individual Quality and The Cost Of Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in condition dependence of natal dispersal in a large herbivore: dispersal propensity and distance are decoupled

et al. 2021

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Evolution should favour plasticity in dispersal decisions in response to spatial heterogeneity in social and environmental contexts. Sex differences in individual optimization of dispersal decisions are poorly documented in mammals, because species where both sexes commonly disperse are rare. To elucidate the sex-specific drivers governing dispersal, we investigated sex differences in condition dependence in the propensity and distance of natal dispersal in one such species, the roe deer, using fine-scale monitoring of 146 GPS-collared juveniles in an intensively monitored population in southwest France. Dispersal propensity increased with body mass in males such that 36% of light individuals dispersed, whereas 62% of heavy individuals did so, but there was no evidence for condition dependence in dispersal propensity among females. By contrast, dispersal distance increased with body mass at a similar rate in both sexes such that heavy dispersers travelled around twice as far as light dispersers. Sex differences in the strength of condition-dependent dispersal may result from different selection pressures acting on the behaviour of males and females. We suggest that females disperse prior to habitat saturation being reached, likely in relation to the risk of inbreeding. By contrast, natal dispersal in males is likely governed by competitive exclusion through male–male competition for breeding opportunities in this strongly territorial mammal. Our study is, to our knowledge, a first demonstration that condition dependence in dispersal propensity and dispersal distance may be decoupled, indicating contrasting selection pressures drive the behavioural decisions of whether or not to leave the natal range, and where to settle.

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Selection against immigrants in wild seabird populations

Cited by 18 publications

References 61 publications

Consequences of violating assumptions of integrated population models on parameter estimates

Consequences of violating assumptions of integrated population models on parameter estimates

Strong Philopatry, Isolation by Distance, and Local Habitat Have Promoted Genetic Structure in Heermann’s Gull

Sex differences in condition dependence of natal dispersal in a large herbivore: dispersal propensity and distance are decoupled

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