Selection and assessment of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Wilmut, Kate

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03372.x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Further investigation, including a thorough investigation into children with DCD both with and without speech and language problems is needed to unpick these findings. It has been suggested that children with DCD recruited from community settings show a lesser degree of difficulties compared to those recruited through clinical settings (Wilmut, 2010). Given this, it is possible that a group from a clinical setting may show a greater deviance from a typical population in this task than is seen here; this could plausibly coincide with a higher rate of speech and language comorbidities in such a sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Speech and oro-motor function in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A pilot study

Wilmut

2010

Human Movement Science

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The protracted maturation and development of speech articulation underlies the complexity of the skill, and suggests it may be an area susceptible to a general deficit in motor control. Recent research suggests a high co-occurrence between Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and disordered speech production. Despite this there has been no systematic investigation of speech motor control in children with DCD. We conducted a pilot study which looked at speech motor control in a group of children with DCD (N=5) and a group typically developing (TD) children (N=5). Movements of the upper and lower lip were recorded during non-verbal movements, single words, syllable sequences, and sentence repetition. In the baseline conditions (normal talking speed or an isolated utterance) children with DCD demonstrated a typical pattern of movement, albeit a slower and shorter movement. In contrast, when task complexity was increased the children with DCD showed an atypical pattern of movement. It was concluded that children with DCD demonstrate inferior motor control for complex speech gestures, suggesting that the motor deficit in DCD may indeed be a more generalized phenomenon affecting the speech motor system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Speech and oro-motor function in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A pilot study

Wilmut

2010

Human Movement Science

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“…As children who receive a diagnosis of DCD may also be more likely to have a number of other disorders (Wilmut, 2010), greater difficulties reported in a range of EF tasks in children with DCD might be due to this overlap in symptoms. While excluding children with these other diagnoses from our DCD group makes it more difficult to generalise the current findings to a typical clinical sample, this strategy has the benefit of providing clearer insight into the relationship between motor impairments and EFs without the influence of these additional symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In tests of switching (e.g., "press button 'a' when you see stimulus Several methodological and interpretational difficulties arising from previous research into EF in DCD were addressed in the current study. One key issue is that many EF tasks require a motor response (such as pressing a button) or complex visuospatial processing, both of which may cause individuals with DCD to perform poorly due to impairments in these (Bishop, 2002;Kadesjo & Gillberg, 1999;Wilmut, 2010). These factors might affect their performance on EF tasks, especially given EF difficulties reported in many neurodevelopmental disorders (Castellanos et al, 2006;Henry et al, 2012;Hill, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A second issue concerns the EF tasks: individual measures often assess multiple EFs (e.g., Piek et al 2007), and this lack of task purity could affect results (e.g., Miyake et al, 2000). A final issue concerns the recruitment of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of DCD, who may have diagnoses/subclinical symptoms of other co-occurring conditions such as ADHD, SLI or ASD (Bishop, 2002;Kadesjo & Gillberg, 1999;Wilmut, 2010). These factors might affect their performance on EF tasks, especially given EF difficulties reported in many neurodevelopmental disorders (Castellanos et al, 2006;Henry et al, 2012;Hill, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Executive Functioning, Motor Difficulties, and Developmental Coordination Disorder

Leonard

Bernardi

Hill

et al. 2015

Developmental Neuropsychology

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link:http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/5124/ Link to published version: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1080/87565641.2014.997933 Copyright and reuse: City Research Online aims to make research outputs of City, University of London available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the author(s) and/or copyright holders. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to. AbstractThe current study assessed a comprehensive range of executive functions (EFs) in children with poor motor skills, comparing profiles of children with a diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and those identified with motor difficulties (MD). Children in both groups performed more poorly than typically-developing controls on (Geuze, 2005). The DLPFC is also closely linked to the cerebellum, a central structure in motor control, suggesting that motor impairments could have concomitant effects on cognitive functioning (Diamond, 2000). This relationship between motor and cognitive functioning is the focus of the present study.One area of cognitive functioning that may be affected in DCD, with particular implications for academic achievement, is that of 'executive functioning' (EF; Best, Miller, & Naglieri, 2011;St Clair-Thompson & Gathercole, 2006). This term covers a range of highlevel abilities, including planning, switching between tasks, inhibiting responses and storing information in memory while processing another task (Henry & Bettenay, 2010;Hill, 2004 & Howerter, 2000), the present study also assesses two further aspects of EF, planning and fluency, which have traditionally been studied in research with frontal lobe patients and those with other neurodevelopmental disorders (Pennington & Ozonoff, 1996).The current paper provides a detailed picture of the strengths and weaknesses of EF in children with DCD.Previous research investigating EF in DCD has reported mixed results. In measures of response inhibition, which require participants to either respond or inhibit their responses depending on the stimulus presented, children with a diagnosis of DCD make a similar number of errors to TD controls (e.g., Pratt, Leonard, Adeyinka, & Hill, 2014;Querne et al., 2008). However, when comparing button presses that were either congruent or incongruent with a visually-presented target, Mandich, Buckolz, and Polatajko (2002) reported that differences in errors between these two conditions were greater for those with DCD compared to TD controls. In tests of switching (e.g., "press button 'a' when you see stimulus Several methodological and interpretational difficulties arising from previous research into EF in DCD were addressed in the current study. One key issue is that many EF tasks require a motor response (such as pressing a button) or complex visuospatial processing, both of which may cause individuals with DCD to perform poorly due to impairments in these (...

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“…The constraints-based-account of motor control would suggest that the constraints we face on a day to day basis are unique to every single individual and therefore individual constraints influencing one child with DCD will be distinctly different to those influencing another. There has been much written on the issue of individual differences within this population which deals with issues regarding co-occurring difficulties (40) and severity of motor impairment and method of recruitment and selection (41). In fact, a number of studies have focused on these demographic characteristics as an explanation for different emerging behaviours.…”

Section: Individual Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Under Varying Constraints in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): Difficulties and Compensations

Wilmut

2017

Curr Dev Disord Rep

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Purpose of review: Developmental Coordination Disorder is by very nature a disorder of movement and coordination. The constraints-based approach to motor control advocates the idea that the environment, the task and the individual can all constrain and promote movement/coordination. The purpose of this review is to describe factors which have been shown to explain the movement patterns in DCD and discuss these in light of the constraintsbased approach. Recent findings: Recent findings considering the perception-action relationship, the control of movement, the role of vision and individual differences in DCD can all be considered under the constraints-based approach which focuses less on deficits and more on compensations to the constraints facing movement control. Summary: This paper has demonstrated the usefulness of the constraints-based approach in considering DCD and has also raised important questions regarding how we group and describe these individuals.

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Selection and assessment of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Speech and oro-motor function in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A pilot study

Speech and oro-motor function in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A pilot study

Executive Functioning, Motor Difficulties, and Developmental Coordination Disorder

Performance Under Varying Constraints in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): Difficulties and Compensations

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