Selection for Barley Seed Quality Increase in Kazakhstan Environment

Abstract

The aim of the research is to investigate collective samples of barley of various ecological-geographical origination, to select donors with a high percentage of protein per grain, and to breed new varieties and hybrids with the use of various selection and genetics methods. The amount of protein per grain was determined by the Kjeldahl method, while levels of starch were indicated by the polarimetry method. The combinational capability of donors was evaluated with the use of top crossing interbreeding. Combinative mutability was evaluated under the external environment influence. An analysis of the current development and employment state of various parental form searches to cultivate high-protein kinds of barley, methods of selection through molecule marker usage, methods of hybridization, and biotechnical manipulation to achieve the desired result was conducted. Most suitable parental forms from collective materials were picked to acquire high protein per grain percentage kinds and hybrids, amongst them are Saule, Asem, Arna, Harmal, and Lignee-527 varieties. These donors are perspective varieties, that should be included in selective programs in Kazakhstan.