Selection for Drought Tolerance in Dry Bean Derived from the Mesoamerican Gene Pool in Western Nebraska

Abstract

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is highly susceptible to drought stress, and drought affects 60% of global bean production. We evaluated elite exotic dry bean germplasm derived from the Mesoamerican gene pool for drought tolerance, yield, and adaptation to western Nebraska during 2006 and 2007 at three research sites. Seven tropical lines were evaluated with two great northern cultivars (Matterhorn and Beryl‐R) and one pinto cultivar (Bill‐Z) serving as checks. Adjacent nonstressed (NS) and drought‐stressed (DS) blocks were evaluated. Within each block, the selected lines were assigned to experimental units using a randomized complete block design with four replications at each location. On average, yield was 60% less, 100‐seed weight was 19.2% lower, and maturity occurred 4 d earlier under DS than under NS conditions. Beryl‐R, SER 22, and Matterhorn had the greatest average yield under both NS (3564, 3347, and 3440 kg ha−1, respectively) and DS (1701, 1773, and 1584 kg ha−1, respectively). These genotypes were also the most drought tolerant based on the drought susceptibility index (0.9, 0.8, and 0.9, respectively) and geometric mean (2462, 2436, and 2335, respectively). Based on these results, Matterhorn, Beryl‐R, and SER 22 show the most promise for use in breeding for drought tolerance.

Screening for sources of tolerance to drought in sesame induced mutants: Assessment of indirect selection criteria for seed yield

“…However, contrary to what was expected, some genotypes performed better under moderate drought-stressed conditions than in non-stressed conditions. Similar findings were reported by Urrea et al 31 with the dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar SER 22 which performed well under drought-stressed conditions, but below average under non-stressed conditions. These genotypes are classified in the class C according to Fernandez To determine the most suitable drought tolerant criteria, the correlation between Y p , Y s and other drought tolerance indices was computed.…”

Improving adaptation to drought stress in small red common bean: phenotypic differences and predicted genotypic effects on grain yield, yield components and harvest index

“…DKF was warmer and had more evapotranspiration than MARC suggesting that the drought stress in DKF was greater than MARC. Urrea et al (2009) has reported that drought stress caused yield reduction ranging from 47 to 69 % compared to the non-stress conditions. Similarly, Rao et al (2013) reported that GY under rainfed conditions reduced by 31 % compared with irrigated conditions.…”

“…It is principally produced in Latin America and eastern and southern Africa where seasonal rainfall is erratic and soil moisture deficit often limits its yield production (Beebe 2012;Urrea et al 2009;Wortmann 1998). Sixty percent of the bean crop is produced under drought stress (Beebe 2012;Rao 2001;White and Singh 1991).…”

“…Natural selection under drought stress conditions has favored mechanisms for adaptation and survival while plant breeding has focused on stabilizing and improving the economic yield of field crops (Blum 2011). A drought resistant cultivar is the one that yields better than a standard cultivar under water-limited conditions Rao et al 2013;Rosales-Serna et al 2004;Singh et al 2001;Terán and Singh 2002b;Urrea et al 2009). Under drought stress, both quality and grain yield of common beans are negatively affected (Beebe et al 2008a;Shenkut and Brick 2003;Urrea et al 2009).…”

“…A drought resistant cultivar is the one that yields better than a standard cultivar under water-limited conditions Rao et al 2013;Rosales-Serna et al 2004;Singh et al 2001;Terán and Singh 2002b;Urrea et al 2009). Under drought stress, both quality and grain yield of common beans are negatively affected (Beebe et al 2008a;Shenkut and Brick 2003;Urrea et al 2009). Grain yield components such as pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and 100-seed weight can be significantly reduced due to drought stress (Assefa et al 2013;Beebe et al 2013;Rao et al 2013;Shenkut and Brick 2003;Singh 1995).…”