Selection of appropriate endotracheal tube size using thoracic radiography in Beagle dogs

Shin, Chi Won; Son, Won-gyun; Jang, Min; Kim, H.; Han, Hyungjoo; Lee, Inhyung

doi:10.1016/j.vaa.2017.10.002

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This may have been exacerbated from suspected trauma during tracheal intubation with an oversized ETT. A recent study in Beagles suggested that a suitably sized ETT for dogs should measure 70% of the internal tracheal diameter measured on thoracic radiography 30. In this particular case, the measurement using the same method revealed 8.92 mm internal tracheal diameter which corresponds to a 6.0 mm inner diameter (8.2 mm outer diameter) ETT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Postobstructive negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog

Louro¹,

Raszplewicz²,

Hodgkiss-Geere³

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 4-month-old English bulldog was anaesthetised for investigation and management of chronic urinary incontinence. In the postanaesthetic period, the patient developed respiratory distress, with marked cough and increased inspiratory effort. Diagnostic imaging suggested pulmonary oedema. After excluding all other causes of cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, it was hypothesised that the patient developed postanaesthetic negative pressure pulmonary oedema, suspected to have been exacerbated by tracheal intubation with an oversized endotracheal tube leading to laryngeal swelling and obstruction. The animal was treated with oxygen supplementation, corticosteroids and β-2 adrenergic receptor agonists. The patient recovered from the event and was discharged from the hospital after 48 hours. This article discusses in further details other management options of negative pressure pulmonary oedema. This is the first case report discussing the pathophysiology, critical care and management of postanaesthetic negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Postobstructive negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog

Louro¹,

Raszplewicz²,

Hodgkiss-Geere³

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…Additional methods suggested to determine appropriate ETT size include selection based on nasal septum width and tracheal palpation, although both have been identified to achieve only 21 per cent and 46 per cent accuracy, respectively 17. Use of thoracic radiographs for measuring internal tracheal diameter has been shown to aid reliably in selection of appropriately sized ETTs but increases radiation exposure to animals and staff, as well as costs to the client 20. The recent development of a clinical tool to allow for estimation of appropriate ETT size based on body mass following analysis of multiple phenotypic parameters may be beneficial but would require prospective clinical validation 21.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotracheal tube complication during extubation following surgical repair of a traumatic tracheal laceration

Miller

Pryke

Panti

et al. 2020

Vet Record Case Reports

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Difficult or impossible tracheal extubation has previously been reported in the veterinary literature as a result of endotracheal tube (ETT) faults or due to their entanglement with oesophagostomy tubes. Inadvertent transfixation of the ETT to the trachea during oral–maxillofacial surgery is a reported cause of extubation complications in the human literature. In this case, an incident of accidental ETT cuff transfixation to the trachea of a dog undergoing surgical repair of a traumatic tracheal laceration is reported. General anaesthesia for tracheal surgery requires special consideration of airway management to reduce complications. While precautions can be taken to avoid ETT placement within the surgical field, this cannot always be avoided and measures should be implemented for detection of transfixation. If tracheal extubation complications do arise, it is important to consider the differential causes and act quickly to resolve the problem and ensure minimal distress to the animal.

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“…The higher correlation between ETS and body mass compared with the correlation between ITD and body mass, probably reflects the fact that the veterinarian may be influenced by apparent body mass and body size when choosing an ETS. However, the average ETS used in the first part of the study was 70 per cent of the IDT, indicating an accurate selection of ETS, according to a recent study on beagles 3 . In the second part of the study, intubations were performed by veterinarians with diverse levels of experience in intubation, ranging from European and American diplomates and residents of the European College of Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, to veterinary students performing intubations for the first time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, the correct endotracheal tube size (ETS) is defined as the largest tube that can be easily passed through the arytenoid cartilage 2 . A more recent study, defined the appropriate‐sized endotracheal tube as 70 per cent of the internal tracheal diameter, in a study on beagle dogs 3 . In human medicine, different formulas are available for calculating the correct ETS in children, based on body size, body mass or age 4–8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a clinical tool to aid endotracheal tube size selection in dogs

Haider¹,

Lorinson²,

Lorinson³

et al. 2020

Veterinary Record

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ObjectiveTo identify phenotypic parameters correlating with the inner tracheal diameter (ITD) and endotracheal tube size (ETS) in adult dogs and to develop a chart for ETS estimation.MethodsFive-hundred and forty-four adult dogs; 100 dogs were enrolled prospectively and 444 dogs retrospectively. Different phenotypic parameters, the ITD on latero-lateral radiography and ETS were prospectively measured in dogs that underwent general anaesthesia. The parameter correlated best with the ITD was used to develop a graphic chart for ETS estimation. The accuracy of this chart was then retrospectively tested.ResultsIn prospective cohort, the correlation between body size and body mass and ITD (r=0.85 and r=0.84) was good, and the highest correlation observed between ETS and body mass (rs=0.92, P<0.001). In the retrospective assessment, the mean difference between the predicted and used ETS was 0.0 (sd±0.84) for mesocephalic/dolicocephalic (MDC) dogs, showing high accuracy, but for brachycephalic dogs, it was 1.3 (sd±0.98).ConclusionA graphic chart for ETS selection in dogs, using body mass, was designed in this study and was demonstrated to be accurate for ETS prediction in MDC dogs but not in brachycephalic dogs.

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Selection of appropriate endotracheal tube size using thoracic radiography in Beagle dogs

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Postobstructive negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog

Postobstructive negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog

Endotracheal tube complication during extubation following surgical repair of a traumatic tracheal laceration

Development of a clinical tool to aid endotracheal tube size selection in dogs

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