Selection of appropriate mechanization to achieve sustainability for smallholder farms: a review

Sayed, Hanaa Mohammed Eid El; Ding, Q; Odero, A.; Korohou, T.

doi:10.21608/azeng.2022.252902

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Figures (10 -J) shows the blade's lower edge and clear chemical corrosion as a result of the Alfalfa harvest. The wear reduced the angle of the cutting blade head from 31° to 105°, as shown in Figure (11), which transformed the edge from a completely sharp shape to a blunt shape, which affected fuel consumption, as shown in Figure ( 5). This agrees with what was mentioned by Mio and others that a blade with a cutting edge has an angle of 15° − 40° and that the angle is more than that; it is a blunt angle, which leads to a decrease in harvesting e ciency and an increase in the energy consumed in harvesting [17].…”

Section: Blades Surface Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using agricultural machinery can achieve agricultural crops' sustainability and high productivity, no doubt that harvesting machines play a vital role in maintaining sustainability purposes in crop cultivation there many types of harvesting machines are involved such as reciprocating, drum(rotary), and disc mowers. [10,11]. Rotary harvester machines are used increasingly for ease of construction, low cost for repair and maintenance, and the ability to cut all stems with large and small diameters [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wear behavior and CO2 emissions analysis of drum mower blades during Alfalfa harvest

Refai

Abdelkader

Sayed

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The productivity and efficiency of harvesting forage crops depend on the sharpness and quality of the mower blades. Therefore, studying blades wear during the harvesting process is crucial to sharpening and maintaining blades. The research aims to create mathematical models to predict the wear of mower blades and assess the wear rate of mower blades, fuel consumption, and CO2 emissions during harvesting operations. The wear of blades was measured and characterized by the weight loss method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after the field experiment. The results showed that the weight of the mower blade decreased from 103.82 to 98.39 g after 37.5 working hours. In addition, the wear of blades increased fuel consumption and operation cost with time. Also, CO2 emissions were 17.672 kg/h at the beginning of the experiment and increased to 29.516 kg/h after 37.5 working hours. From the obtained mathematical equations, the wear of the blade sharp part occurs after 34±3 work hours have passed, so the blades must be resharpened after this period.

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Section: Blades Surface Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear behavior and CO2 emissions analysis of drum mower blades during Alfalfa harvest

Refai

Abdelkader

Sayed

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Small farms face two major problems in Egypt: insufficient income and difficulty organizing into large units for social reasons (Abdelaal and Thilmany, 2019). The smallscale farms (<4 ha) occupied the largest agricultural production area (1.15 million ha) in the Delta of Egypt (Sayed et al, 2022). Vegetable crops are among the widespread crops in Egypt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a multi-purpose service machine for small areas

Zaalouk,

Werby,

Mousa

et al. 2024

Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Engineering

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This study aimed to develop, manufacture, and evaluate a multi-purpose machine to achieve tillage operation for smallholding farms using two developed plows (chisel plow and rotary plow). The tillage process was carried out at four different levels of forward speeds (1.2, 1.8, 3.0, and 4.4 km/h) and three depths (6, 12, and 18 cm). The results indicated that the maximum values of actual filed capacity were 0.80 and 0.91 fed/h, and field efficiency (76 and 87%) for the chisel plow and rotary plow at a forward speed of 4.4 km/h and tillage depth of 6 cm. The minimum values of power requirement were for chisel plow 1.52 and 1.25 kW and rotary plow at forward speed 1.2 km/h and tillage depth 6 cm. The maximum values of specific power were 5.36 and 4.26 kWh/fed for the chisel plow and rotary plow at a forward speed of 4.4 km/h and tillage depth of 6 cm. The optimum values of bulk soil density and soil smoothness were 987 kg/m 3 and 28% at a speed of 1.8 km/h and 775 kg/m 3 and 50% at a speed of 3.0 km/h for chisel plow and rotary plow at tillage depth of 18 cm. Also, the results indicated that the maximum values of penetration resistance percentage were 58% for the chisel plow and 68% for the rotary plow at a forward speed of 4.4 km/h and tillage depth of 6 cm.

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“…The smallholding farms (<4 ha) dominate 63% of the total cultivated area, and 64.1% of the wheat production area is located in the Egyptian Delta. However, smallholder farmers suffer from a labor shortage, climate change, and the lack of appropriate agricultural Agronomy 2023, 13,1973 2 of 17 machinery for their farming operations [2]. In order to fulfill the demand for wheat and its products and the continual population growth, Egypt places a high value on the wheat crop and actively encourages farmers to cultivate it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Small Farm Wheat Production Scenarios Using Data Envelopment Analysis

Sayed,

Ding,

Hendy

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Assessing the energy cycle and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of wheat production in small Egyptian farms is essential to improve wheat productivity to meet population growth and achieve sustainable development. This study aims to compare wheat production in terms of energy use and GHG emissions for different scenarios in the Delta of Egypt and to use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to optimize the wheat production system. Three common scenarios of the wheat production system (S-I, S-II, and S-III) from old lands with one scenario (S-IV) from newly reclaimed land were included in the study. Data were collected from small farmers through a face-to-face questionnaire and interviews in 2022–2023. The results showed that the third scenario (S-III) in the old lands had the lowest input energy consumption (42,555 MJ ha−1) and the highest output energy (160,418 MJ ha−1), with an energy use efficiency of 3.770. In comparison, the input and output energy for the newly reclaimed scenario (S-IV) were 37,575 and 130,581 MJ ha−1, respectively, with an energy use efficiency of 3.475. S-III was an optimum scenario due to its high energy indicators, such as energy productivity of 0.173 kg MJ−1. The total GHG emissions of S-III were the lowest in old lands with a value of 1432.9 kg CO2-eq ha−1, while S-IV had 1290.2 kg CO2-eq ha−1. The highest GHG emissions input was diesel fuel for machinery and irrigation, followed by manure, chemical fertilizers, and agricultural machinery use. Using mechanization in most farming operations for S-III and S-IV led to decreased losses of agricultural inputs with increasing outputs (yield and straw). Therefore, using them in wheat farming practices is recommended to increase the wheat farming system’s energy efficiency and GHG emissions.

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Selection of appropriate mechanization to achieve sustainability for smallholder farms: a review

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Wear behavior and CO2 emissions analysis of drum mower blades during Alfalfa harvest

Wear behavior and CO2 emissions analysis of drum mower blades during Alfalfa harvest

Development of a multi-purpose service machine for small areas

Improving Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Small Farm Wheat Production Scenarios Using Data Envelopment Analysis

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