Selection of filter for sterilization using process of membrane filtration based on potential adsorption of Benzalkonium chloride on filter membranes

Penshovska, Viktorija; Atanaskova, Elizabeta; Cholakova, Ivana; Stojanovska, Natasa Anevska; Angelovska, Veronika; Mojsovska, Marija

doi:10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.03.139

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(2 citation statements)

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“…As a result, the difference of absorbance A at 262 nm between curves (a) and (c) is directly correlated with the adsorbed BAC. Methods relying on spectrophotometric determination of BAC use the same wavelength of 262 nm in UV [ 37 ] or a close one of 215 nm in the far-UV [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BAC adsorption was employed for other purposes: to probe the montmorillonite surface reactivity when encapsulated in a composite of alginate hydrogels [ 38 ], to decide whether zeolite–surfactant–drug composites are suitable drug deliverers when BAC is co-adsorbed with sulfamethoxazole on purified natural clinoptilolite [ 39 ], or to choose the best sterilizing grade filter membranes in the pharmaceutical industry, so that they retain the least BAC possible, and its concentration in the filtrate does not drop below its predetermined specification sterile limit [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Some Unmodified Household Adsorbents for the Adsorption of Benzalkonium Chloride—A Kinetic and Thermodynamic Case Study for Commercially Available Paper

Bitay,

Csavdari

2023

Toxics

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The extensive use of biocide surfactant benzalkonium chloride (BAC) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to the buildup of this hazardous chemical in waste, surface and groundwater. e The study aims to elucidate whether various low-cost household materials are suitable, in their unmodified and untreated form, to effectively adsorb BAC from its aqueous solutions.. Additionally, if a proper adsorbent is identified, a description of the kinetics and thermodynamics of the process is also targeted. From among the five tested materials, a commercially available white household paper towel was chosen to best satisfy the criteria of low price, large availability, and standardization degree, as well as high adsorption capacity within a fairly short time window needed until equilibrium. Batch experiments were carried out with a commercial mixture of BAC-12 and BAC-14 within a temperature range of 18-45 degrees Celsius, and a 25-100 mg/g BAC/adsorbent initial mass ratio range, respectively. The overall process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic law, with an apparent activation energy of 73.35 KJ/mole. Both the Langmuir and the Redlich–Peterson isotherms describe the equilibrium data at 298 K well, with a Gibbs free energy of −20.64 KJ/mole. These findings are in agreement with previous reports and suggest a hybrid but chemisorption-dominated process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%