Selection of Interstocks for Dwarfing Japanese Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) Trees

Abstract

Effects of interstocks on the growth and fruit quality of 'Fuyu' Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) were investigated to select an effective dwarfing interstock of this species. The performance of four interstocks (Ac-1, Ac-2, Y clones, and a seedling of Diospyros rhombifolia) was evaluated in combination with 'Aogaki' (D. kaki) seedling rootstocks and 'Fuyu' scions over a six-year period. Ac-1 and Y interstocks moderately reduced the tree size without influencing yield efficiency (yield per unit of crown area). In contrast, Ac-2 and D. rhombifolia interstocks reduced both tree size and fruit yield (kg/tree), and many of these trees died within a few years after planting. Annual fluctuations and no consistent trends were observed in the fruit weight among control and interstock trees. These results show the possibility of dwarfing 'Fuyu' trees by using Ac-1 and Y as interstock.

Orchard Growth, Flowering and Fruiting of ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Hiratanenashi’ Japanese Persimmon Trees Grafted on Potentially Dwarfing Rootstocks Propagated by Cutting

“…This caused the trees to grow more slowly and produce less fruit than Japanese persimmon trees described in other reports (Koshita et al, 2007;Tetsumura et al, 1999Tetsumura et al, , 2003a. In addition, typhoons and wild boar damage further affected growth.…”

“…Further investigation of fruit quality in a higher productive age is therefore necessary. Fruit quality of 'Maekawajiro' persimmon was previously shown to be affected by the micropropagated dwarfing rootstock (Wada et al, 2004), while rootstocks of grafted fruit trees are often known to affect fruit quality (Autio, 1991;Webster and Wertheim, 1993); however, dwarfing interstocks for persimmon do not appear to affect fruit quality (Koshita et al, 2007;Manago et al, 2000).…”

“…5); however, both trees were dwarfed. It has been shown that there is no correlation between the growth of 'Fuyu' graft unions on the interstocks and tree growth (Koshita et al, 2007), while swelling has been observed on 'Shidare-kaki' interstocks, which dwarfs 'Maekawajiro' persimmon trees (Manago et al, 2000). Although the cause of R-b dwarfing in this study was reduced shoot growth, the mechanism behind the dwarfing remains poorly understood, and hence further anatomical, physiological and chemical investigations are necessary.…”

“…Many reports have introduced practical methods to lower tree canopies of persimmon such as horizontal trellis training (Hayashi et al, 2004), straight line training (Fujishima, 2009), root-zone restriction (Fumuro and Utsunomiya, 1999), container planting (Matsumura, 1998), and double grafting of interstocks (Koshita et al, 2007). All methods are effective and have been put to practical use; however, some remain non-cost effective whilst others fail to improve yield efficiency.…”

Efektivitas Pemberian IAA, IBA, NAA, dan Root-up pada Pembibitan Kesemek

“…Beberapa metode untuk menghilangkan sifat astringency yaitu dengan perendaman buah kesemek pada larutan kalsium oksida selama lima hari (Santosa et al, 2005), serta menyemprot buah kesemek dengan alkohol (Setiawan, 2014). Saat ini di Jepang sudah dikembangkan bibit kesemek non-astringent dengan penampilan menarik (Koshita et al, 2007) hasil persilangan kultivar 'Taigetsu' dengan 'Kanshu' (Mitani et al, 2014). Perbanyakan kesemek di Indonesia biasanya melalui pemisahan tunas akar (Santosa et al, 2005).…”