Selection of Optimal Al–si Combinations in Cast Iron for Castings for Engineering Purposes

Frolova, Liliia; Shevchenko, Roman; Shpyh, Alona; Khoroshailo, Vadim; Antonenko, Yana

doi:10.21303/2461-4262.2021.001694

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For this, technological methods of combining modification with alloying can be used [11][12][13][14]. By selecting the optimal combinations of alloying elements, it becomes possible to improve the mechanical characteristics of cast iron [15,16]. This forms rational technological modes of processing the cast iron melt outside the furnace [17], which have the potential for optimization.…”

Section: Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and industrial method of synthesis of optimal control of the temperature region of cupola melting

Demin¹

2023

Eureka: PE

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The object of research is the temperature regime of melting in a cupola. The synthesis of optimal control of such an object is associated with the presence of a problem consisting in the complexity of its mathematical description and the absence of procedures that allow one to obtain optimal control laws. These problems are due to the presence of links with a pure delay, non-additive random drift, and difficulties in controlling the process parameters, in particular, accurately determining the temperature profile along the horizons and the periphery of the working space of the cupola. The proposed conceptual solution for the synthesis of optimal temperature control allows the use of two levels of control: the level controller solves the problem of maintaining the constant height of the idle charge, and the problem of increasing the temperature of cast iron is solved by controlling the air supply to the tuyere box. It is shown that the problem of regulating the upper level of an idle charge can be solved by reducing the model of the regulation process to a typical form, followed by the use of the Pontryagin maximum principle. A procedure for the synthesis of optimal air flow control is proposed, which makes it possible to obtain the temperature regime control law on the basis of experimental industrial studies preceding the synthesis process. This takes into account the time delay between the impact on the object and its reaction, which makes it possible to predict the temperature value one step acharge, equal to the time interval during which the lower surface of the fuel charge reaches the upper surface of the level of the idle charge. A procedure for temperature profile control based on the use of D-optimal plans for selecting sensor installation points is proposed. Due to this, it becomes possible to determine the temperature profile of the cupola according to its horizons and the periphery of the working space of the cupola with maximum accuracy. The proposed synthesis method can be used in iron foundries equipped with cupolas, as it is a tool for studying a real production process, taking into account its specific conditions. This will allow developing or improving control systems for cupola melting, implementing different control modes: manual, automated or automatic

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Section: Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and industrial method of synthesis of optimal control of the temperature region of cupola melting

Demin¹

2023

Eureka: PE

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“…-gray with lamellar graphite [6][7][8][9]; -aluminum [10,11]; -special wear-resistant [12]. This approach is promising, but requires the use of a minimum number of influencing factors to build an adequate mathematical model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the significance of the influence of vanadium on the mechanical properties of cast iron for castings for machine-building purpose

Frolova

Barsuk²,

Nikolaiev³

2022

TAPR

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The object of study in this work is cast iron with lamellar graphite, modified with two types of modifiers – FeSi75 and FeSi40V7. In this work, the influence of vanadium on the mechanical properties of cast iron used for castings for engineering purposes was determined. The existing problem lies in the fact that ignorance of the influence of the alloying element on the mechanical properties of the alloy does not allow determining its consumption rates during the melting process. This can lead to unnecessary costs for materials for melting and casting, and not be justified in terms of the expected improvement in properties. To determine the effect of vanadium on properties, three indicators of the quality of cast iron are considered: tensile strength, stiffness, and a generalized quality index for mechanical properties. A decision is proposed on the procedure for checking the significance of the influence of vanadium within the considered range of variation V=0.04–0.078 % on these indicators. It has been established that the introduction of vanadium into cast iron as part of the FeSi40V7 modifier leads to a decrease in the tensile strength by 4 %, but to an increase in rigidity by 2 %. A significant influence of vanadium with a probability of 95 % was also established with respect to the generalized quality indicator for mechanical properties – the introduction of vanadium contributes to a drop in this indicator by about 5 %. As a result, it was concluded that the use of vanadium in the composition of FeSi40V7 within the final content in cast iron at the level of 0.04–0.078 % can be expedient only if it is necessary to increase the hardness of cast iron due to the promotion of carbide formation during alloy crystallization. The presented study will be useful for machine-building enterprises that have foundries in their structure, where cast iron is smelted for the manufacture of castings.

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“…Within the framework of the described approaches, a study was carried out earlier [27], in which the problem of the synthesis of aluminum cast iron was solved based on the choice of the optimal Al-Si combination in the alloy and the assessment of the possibilities of obtaining such cast iron in industrial melts. The actual development of this work is the study of the strength of cast iron in the system of elements C-Mn-Al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the mechanical properties of structural cast iron for machine-building parts by combined Mn – Al alloying

et al. 2022

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The object of research in this work was cast iron for machine-building parts, alloyed with Al. The possibility of improving the mechanical properties of cast iron by choosing the optimal Mn – Al combinations, depending on the carbon content in the cast iron, was determined. The study was carried out on the basis of available retrospective data of serial industrial melts by constructing the regression equation for the ultimate strength of cast iron in the three-factor space of the input variables C – Mn – Al. The optimization problem was solved by the ridge analysis method after reducing the dimension of the factor space by fixing the carbon content at three levels: C = 3 %, C = 3.3 %, and C = 3.6 %. It was found that the maximum values of the ultimate strength are achieved at the minimum level of carbon content (C = 3%) and are in the range of values close to 300 MPa. In this case, the Al content is in the range (2.4–2.6) %, and the Mn content is about 0.82 %. With an increase in the carbon content, there is a tendency to a decrease in the content of Mn and Al in the alloy, which is necessary to ensure the ultimate strength close to 300 MPa. The results of the ridge analysis of the response surface also showed that at the upper limit of the carbon content (C = 3.6%), it is not possible to reach the ultimate strength of 300 MPa in the existing range of Mn and Al variation. All solutions are verified for the following ranges of input variables C = (2.94–3.66) %, Mn = (0.5–1.1) %, Al = (1.7–2.9) %. Graphical-analytical descriptions of the optimal Mn – Al ratios are obtained, depending on the actual content of carbon in the alloy, which make it possible to purposefully select the optimal melting modes by controlling the tensile strength of the alloy

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Selection of Optimal Al–si Combinations in Cast Iron for Castings for Engineering Purposes

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental and industrial method of synthesis of optimal control of the temperature region of cupola melting

Experimental and industrial method of synthesis of optimal control of the temperature region of cupola melting

Revealing the significance of the influence of vanadium on the mechanical properties of cast iron for castings for machine-building purpose

Increasing the mechanical properties of structural cast iron for machine-building parts by combined Mn – Al alloying

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