Selection of potential probiotic lactobacilli for cholesterol-lowering properties and their effect on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-lipid diet

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to screen probiotic characteristics of lactobacilli isolated from traditionally homemade koumiss products in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia of China, and to determine and compare the effect of the Lactobacillus strains in vivo on lipid metabolism in rats fed with a high-lipid diet. Three out of 68 strains of Lactobacillus isolated from the koumiss were screened for bile-salt resistance, acid tolerance, and different hypocholesterolemic properties. The cholesterol-lowering effects of the 3 screened strains were estimated in rats fed a high-lipid diet by determination of serum lipids, liver, and fecal cholesterol, fecal total bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids. After a 4-wk feeding period, in comparison with the control group, the groups LIP-1 and MG9-2 had a significant reduction in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and significantly increased high-density lipoprotein, the group E7301 had similar effects on serum lipids, but the change was not significant. The groups LIP-1, MG9-2 and E7301 had a significant reduction in liver cholesterol content and an increase in fecal cholesterol content compared with the control group. Total bile acid excretion was significantly higher in rats fed MG9-2 than the other groups. Rats fed diets containing lactic acid bacteria strains had significantly higher propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations in the feces compared with the control. Results indicated that the 3 screened Lactobacillus strains were able to lower cholesterol in vitro, and reduce cholesterol effectively in vivo. The mechanisms behind the hypocholesterolemic effect of 3 strains are likely to be diverse and will need further investigation.

Symbiotic, Hypocholesterolemic and Antioxidant Effects of Potential Probiotic Lactobacilli Strains Isolated from Tunisian Camel Milk

“…We revealed a high degree even of 57% which was obtained by L. fermentum strain CABA16 after 24 h of contact. These results were in accordance with other researchs which reported abilities of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria species even at 65% of cholesterol assimilation [10] [14]. Also, Lye et al [17] demonstrated that potential probiotic bacteria L. acidophilus was able to diminish blood cholesterol.…”

“…Bioactive components of functional foods and natural health products are responsible for their efficacy in disease prevention, therefore, they have been recommended as a favorable dietary technique to reduce cholesterol, [10]. Also, it is reported that these products reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and therefore, the characterization of the active ingredients and the type of the probiotics is very requisite [11].…”

Cholesterol Lowering Potential of Lactobacillus brevis

“…In the 1970's fermented milk containing a wild Lactobacillus strain was reported to have a hypocholesterolemic effect in humans [8]. Since then, many experiments have been conducted in vitro or in vivo to investigate the cholesterol-lowering effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium [9] [10] [11].…”

Effect of cholesterol lowering multiplex lactic acid bacteria on lipid metabolism in a hamster model

“…Probiotics were reported to have cholesterol-lowering effects in vitro or in vivo, especially the strains of genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium (Pan et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012;Huang et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2013;Tsai et al, 2014). In recent years, several mechanisms for cholesterol removal by probiotics have been proposed, such as the cholesterol assimilation into bacterial cell membranes (Kimoto et al, 2002), deconjugation of bile salts by bilesalt hydrolase (BSH) (Ahn et al, 2003;Tsai et al, 2014), and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) during growth of probiotics (Tabuchi et al, 2004).…”