Selection of the Delayed Hypersensitivity T Effector and T Suppressor Cell Response by Antigen-Presenting Macrophages

Knop, Jürgen; Malorny, Ursula; Michels, Elmar; Sorg, Clemens

doi:10.1016/s0171-2985(84)80114-x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…MIF-stimulated macrophages are functionally more active with regard to cell metabolism, adherence, ruffled membrane motility, and spreading. Macrophages expressing the MIF receptor have been shown to function as accessory cells in the induction of T helper cells 114. Czarnetzki et al show increased expression of MIF on ECs in CU skin sections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers for the involvement of endothelial cells and the coagulation system in chronic urticaria: A systematic review

Mostmans

Smedt

Richert

et al. 2021

Allergy

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Chronic urticaria (CU) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder for which different pathogenic mechanisms have been described. CU is characterized by the activation of skin mast cells (MCs) with subsequent degranulation and the release of histamine and other pro-inflammatory mediators. As a result, the endothelium gets activated resulting in vasodilation and extravasation, clinically visible as erythema and itchy wheals and/or angioedema, respectively. 1 These symptoms of CU develop recurrently and resolve spontaneously. In the inducible forms of CU, that is, chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU), the activation of skin MCs is induced by definite

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers for the involvement of endothelial cells and the coagulation system in chronic urticaria: A systematic review

Mostmans

Smedt

Richert

et al. 2021

Allergy

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“…Macrophages exhibit an array of functions, from phagocytosis and antigen presentation to the production of various cytokines, including interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α, among others [ 41 , 42 ]. Stress enhances the infiltration, activation, and antigen-presenting capability of macrophages [ 15 , 43 ] suggesting that macrophages have a capacity to react against acute stress as demonstrated in this experiment. Although CXCR2 is expressed on macrophage progenitor cells under tumor conditions [ 44 ], to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that CXCR2 is expressed on macrophages under non-tumor conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Acute stress transiently activates macrophages and chemokines in cervical lymph nodes

Dohi,

Noguchi,

Yamashita

et al. 2024

Immunol Res

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Acute restraint stress (RS) is routinely used to study the effects of psychological and/or physiological stress. We evaluated the impact of RS on cervical lymph nodes in rats at molecular and cellular levels. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to stress by immobilization for 30, 60, and 120 min (RS30, RS60, and RS120, respectively) and compared with rats of a no-stress control (C) group. The expression of genes encoding chemokines CXCL1/CXCL2 (Cxcl1 and Cxcl2) and their receptor CXCR2 (Cxcr2) was analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and microarray analyses. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were performed to determine the expression of these proteins and the macrophage biomarker CD68. Microarray analysis revealed that the expression of 514 and 496 genes was upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in the RS30 group. Compared with the C group, the RS30 group exhibited a 23.0-, 13.0-, and 1.6-fold increase in Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and Cxcr2 expression. Gene Ontology analysis revealed the involvement of these three upregulated genes in the cytokine network, inflammation, and leukocyte chemotaxis and migration. RT-qPCR analysis indicated that the mRNA levels of Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 were significantly increased in the RS30 group but were reverted to normal levels in the RS60 and RS120 groups. Cxcr2 mRNA level was significantly increased in the RS30 and RS120 groups compared with that in the C group. RS-induced CXCL1-immunopositive cells corresponded to B/plasma cells, whereas CXCL2-immunopositive cells corresponded to endothelial cells of the high endothelial venules. Stress-induced CXCR2-immunopositive cells corresponded to macrophages. Psychological and/or physiological stress induces an acute stress response and formation of an immunoreactive microenvironment in cervical lymph nodes, with the CXCL1/CXCL2–CXCR2 axis being pivotal in the acute stress response.

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“…Antigenspecific suppressive actions of custocytes have less often been reported [121][122][123]. T 'suppressor' cell induction has been shown to be preferentially induced by certain bone marrow-derived custocyte populations in contact hypersensitivity [124][125][126][127]. In this model, T suppressor cell induction was inhibited by IFN-, ; the custocyte-associated mechanisms leading to T suppressor cell development as well as suppressor custocyte and T suppressor cell differentiation were at that time not fully elucidated [128].…”

Section: 'No Inflammation Without Custocytes'mentioning

confidence: 99%

The mononuclear phagocyte–dendritic cell dichotomy: myths, facts, and a revised concept

Goerdt

Kodelja

Schmuth

et al. 1996

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYSince Aschoff 's reticuloendothelial system was abandoned a few decades ago, classification and characterization of the mononuclear phagocyte and dendritic cell systems have evolved separately or even in competition with one another. New information has now become available indicating that monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells have a common origin in the bone marrow, and may even transdifferentiate. Morphological and functional distinctions-although valid under certain conditions-have been blurred by revelation of the versatility of monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells in response to different contextual needs in inflammation and immunity. Monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells share a sentinel, receptor/effector, and presentation mode, and may either activate or silence specific immune reactions. In keeping with the view of monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells as interactive sentinels, we suggest that the mononuclear phagocyte and dendritic cell systems be replaced by the custocyte system (custos, Lat sentinel, guard) as a unifying concept. Within the custocyte system, we recognize type I, type II, and type III custocytes. Type I and II custocytes exhibit predominance of presentation or effector/presenter interdependency, respectively, while type III custocytes are bipolar, passing through type I-and type II-like phases during their development and in inflammatory responses. The custocyte system brings into view monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells as dynamic players in immunity and inflammation with a high degree of derivational, phenotypic, functional, and molecular plasticity.

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Selection of the Delayed Hypersensitivity T Effector and T Suppressor Cell Response by Antigen-Presenting Macrophages

Cited by 7 publications

References 68 publications

Markers for the involvement of endothelial cells and the coagulation system in chronic urticaria: A systematic review

Markers for the involvement of endothelial cells and the coagulation system in chronic urticaria: A systematic review

Acute stress transiently activates macrophages and chemokines in cervical lymph nodes

The mononuclear phagocyte–dendritic cell dichotomy: myths, facts, and a revised concept

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