Selection of working fluids for micro-CHP systems with ORC

Qiu, Guoquan

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2012.06.006

Cited by 152 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Qiu compared and optimized the eight most commonly applied working fluids and developed a performance ranking by means of the spinal point method [19].…”

Section: Heat Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Optimum Working Fluid for Organic Rankine Cycles by Exergy and Exergy-Economic Analyses

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The thermodynamic performance of a regenerative organic Rankine cycle that utilizes low temperature heat sources to facilitate the selection of proper organic working fluids is simulated. Thermodynamic models are used to investigate thermodynamic parameters such as output power, and energy efficiency of the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle). In addition, the cost rate of electricity is examined with exergo-economic analysis. Nine working fluids are considered as part of the investigation to assess which yields the highest output power and exergy efficiency, within system constraints. Exergy efficiency and cost rate of electricity are used as objective functions for system optimization, and each fluid is assessed in terms of the optimal operating condition. The degree of superheat and the pressure ratio are independent variables in the optimization. R134a and iso-butane are found to exhibit the highest energy and exergy efficiencies, while they have output powers in between the systems using other working fluids. For a source temperature was equal to 120 °C, the exergy efficiencies for the systems using R134a and iso-butane are observed to be 19.6% and 20.3%, respectively. The largest exergy destructions occur in the boiler and the expander. The electricity cost rates for the system vary from 0.08 USD/kWh to 0.12 USD/kWh, depending on the fuel input cost, for the system using R134a as a working fluid. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 15363

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“…Qiu compared and optimized the eight most commonly applied working fluids and developed a performance ranking by means of the spinal point method [19].…”

Section: Heat Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Optimum Working Fluid for Organic Rankine Cycles by Exergy and Exergy-Economic Analyses

et al. 2015

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“…Therefore, the working fluid properties should also be considered when designing a solar ORC system. Several authors [2][3][4][5][6][7] reported R245fa to be a good candidate for a solar ORC system. This working fluid has good thermo-physical characteristics when subjected to a various range of heat source temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Thermoeconomic Analysis of Small-Scale Solar Organic Rankine Cycle (SORC) System

Baral

Kim

Yun

et al. 2015

Entropy

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A small-scale solar organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a promising renewable energy-driven power generation technology that can be used in the rural areas of developing countries. A prototype was developed and tested for its performance characteristics under a range of solar source temperatures. The solar ORC system power output was calculated based on the thermal and solar collector efficiency. The maximum solar power output was observed in April. The solar ORC unit power output ranged from 0.4 kW to 1.38 kW during the year. The highest power output was obtained when the expander inlet pressure was 13 bar and the solar source temperature was 120 °C. The area of the collector for the investigation was calculated based on the meteorological conditions of Busan City (South Korea). In the second part, economic and thermoeconomic analyses were carried out to determine the cost of energy per kWh from the solar ORC. The selling price of electricity generation was found to be $0.68/kWh and $0.39/kWh for the prototype and low cost solar ORC, respectively. The sensitivity analysis was carried out in order to find the influencing economic parameters for the change in NPV. Finally, the sustainability index was calculated to assess the sustainable development of the solar ORC system.

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“…In particular, R236ea resulted in being the best performing among the ten fluids considered. Qiu [71] introduced the bucket effect and the spinal point method to select the proper working fluid for ORC applications. Some authors investigated zeotropic mixtures through steady state analysis to understand if they can offer any advantage.…”

Section: R 143amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Price: Since organic fluids are expensive (20-30 e/kg), it is important to find the correct trade-off between cost and performance [71]. Generally, fluids used in operating ORC plants are extensively used in other fields, which lowers their price.…”

Section: R 143amentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC): A Techno-Economic Review

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is widely considered as a promising technology to produce electrical power output from low-grade thermal sources. In the last decade, several power plants have been installed worldwide in the MW range. However, despite its market potential, the commercialization of ORC power plants in the kW range did not reach a high level of maturity, for several reasons. Firstly, the specific price is still too high to offer an attractive payback period, and secondly, potential costumers for small-scale ORCs are typically SMEs (Small-Medium Enterprises), generally less aware of the potential savings this technology could lead to. When it comes to small-scale plants, additional design issues arise that still limit the widespread availability of the technology. This review paper presents the state of the art of the technology, from a technical and economic perspective. Working fluid selection and expander design are illustrated in detail, as they represent the bottleneck of the ORC technology for small-scale power production. In addition, a European market analysis is presented, which constitutes a useful instrument to understand the future evolution of the technology.

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Selection of working fluids for micro-CHP systems with ORC

Cited by 152 publications

References 39 publications

Selection of Optimum Working Fluid for Organic Rankine Cycles by Exergy and Exergy-Economic Analyses

Selection of Optimum Working Fluid for Organic Rankine Cycles by Exergy and Exergy-Economic Analyses

Experimental and Thermoeconomic Analysis of Small-Scale Solar Organic Rankine Cycle (SORC) System

Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC): A Techno-Economic Review

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