Selective adsorption of lithium ions from Urmia Lake onto aluminum hydroxide

Quantitative Effects of Desorption Intensity on Structural Stability and Readsorption Performance of Lithium/Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxides in Cyclic Li+ Extraction from Brines with Ultrahigh Mg/Li Ratio

“…15−17 Nevertheless, the lithium concentrations in brines in several regions are extremely low and accompanied by massive strongly interfering impurity ions. 18 For instance, the Mg/Li mass ratio in the brine of Qarhan Salt Lake in China reaches as high as 300, 19−21 which makes the extraction of lithium from such sources highly challenging, on account of the similar ionic radius of Li + and Mg 2+ . Therefore, the development of methods for the extraction of lithium from these low-grade brines comprising high Mg/Li ratios is a valuable prospect for meeting the industrial demands.…”

“…The exceptional physicochemical properties of lithium, such as its remarkable conductivity, high specific heat capacity, and excellent nuclear performance, coupled with the rapid developments in the energy and materials sectors in the 21st century, − particularly in the battery- and alloy-manufacturing industries, − have driven the sharp rise in the demand for lithium resources . The traditional exploitation of ores, which involves high energy consumption and grave contaminations, cannot meet the vast lithium resource requirements of the modern-day. , While brines account for 65% of the global lithium resources, they are underexplored compared to ores. − Unlike the high costs and complicated procedures involved in traditional mining, the extraction of lithium from brines is relatively cost-effective and far more industrially valuable. − Nevertheless, the lithium concentrations in brines in several regions are extremely low and accompanied by massive strongly interfering impurity ions . For instance, the Mg/Li mass ratio in the brine of Qarhan Salt Lake in China reaches as high as 300, − which makes the extraction of lithium from such sources highly challenging, on account of the similar ionic radius of Li + and Mg 2+ .…”

Cross-Linked Phosphorylated Cellulose as a Potential Sorbent for Lithium Extraction from Water: Dynamic Column Studies and Modeling

“…Adsorption is the most promising strategy for recovering Li from aqueous resources because it is more climate-friendly and more effective in an industrial application . Although there are many studies reported in the literature regarding metal ion extraction based on different functionalized composite materials, − aluminum hydroxides (AlOH), , aluminum oxides (AlO x ), manganese oxides (MnO x ), − and titanium oxides (TiO x ) ,− have been known to be the most selective lithium adsorbents until now. They are classified as inorganic crystalline solids either being studied for direct lithium extraction from brines or employed as cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries.…”

Highly Efficient Separation of Magnesium and Lithium and High-Valued Utilization of Magnesium from Salt Lake Brine by a Reaction-Coupled Separation Technology

“…16−20 For instance, Heidari and co-workers reported that the adsorption of Li + on Al(OH) 3 is effective and 76.4% of lithium in the solution is adsorbed at an equilibrium condition. 16 The adsorption on the lithium ionic sieves, e.g., Li−Mn−O series and LiFePO series, can reach as high as ∼90%. 17,18 The main problems of the adsorption method are the dissolution of adsorbents, the reduced adsorption capacity due to the blockage of the ion channels, and the lithium residue upon desorption.…”

“…However, the high energy consumption and serious emission of acid mist limit its further scale production. The adsorption approaches have been widely studied in the past decades and applied for lithium recovery in the Qarhan Salt Lake. − The main adsorbents include layered adsorbents, aluminum salt adsorbents, ionic sieve sorbents, and ion-exchange resins, which have a relatively high selectivity for lithium recovery. − For instance, Heidari and co-workers reported that the adsorption of Li + on Al­(OH) 3 is effective and 76.4% of lithium in the solution is adsorbed at an equilibrium condition . The adsorption on the lithium ionic sieves, e.g., Li–Mn–O series and LiFePO series, can reach as high as ∼90%. , The main problems of the adsorption method are the dissolution of adsorbents, the reduced adsorption capacity due to the blockage of the ion channels, and the lithium residue upon desorption. , The extraction is meant to selectively recover lithium from the brines using organic extraction agents. − For example, Zhou and colleagues developed an extraction system of tributyl phosphate (TBP)/methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)/FeCl 3 , in which TBP acts as an extraction agent, MIBK as a diluent and synergistic agent, and FeCl 3 as a coextraction agent .…”