Selective Adsorption of Organic Homologues onto Activated Carbon from Dilute Aqueous Solutions

Altshuler, Gordon; Belfort, Georges

doi:10.1021/ba-1983-0202.ch003

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The solvophobic theory is used for calculation of the solvent effect on the adsorptive process from available physicochemical parameters [26,27]. Also, the solvophobic theory describes the tendency of a solvent medium to influence aggregation or dissociation of molecules that have considerable microsurface areas exposed to the solvent [27]. Symbols and nomenclature for this theory are given in Table 2…”

Section: Solvophobic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…= the appropriate Henry's Law constant for the fth species (KY = P/Xj, where P t = pressure and X; = mole fraction), and j = each type of interaction. The overall standard free energy change for association with the solvent is: [27], courtesy of the American Chemical Society, (b) Surface area reduction of amphiphilic solute adsorbed onto activated carbon surface. Reproduced from Horvath and Melander [28], courtesy of the American Chemical Society.…”

Section: Solvophobic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each term in Equation 2.32 can be calculated from known physicochemical parameters in the literature or from explicit formulas [27]. The dominant interactive forces and the appropriate parameters are summarized in Table 2-9.…”

Section: Solvophobic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorption Models

Faust¹,

Aly²

1987

Adsorption Processes for Water Treatment

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Section: Solvophobic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solvophobic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorption Models

Faust¹,

Aly²

1987

Adsorption Processes for Water Treatment

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“…The electrostatic contribution is negligible as expected for nonionizable solutes. However, the theory may be adapted for ionizable solutes (Altshuler and Belfort, 1981).…”

Section: Raw Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our preceeding paper (Altshuler and Belfort, 1981), we extended the testing of the solvophobic theory to include the adsorption (data obtained from the literature) of branched aliphatic alcohols and slightly ionized linear carboxylic acids. Correlations from the comprehensive and simplified cd, theories were compared with correlations of other independent molecular descriptors such as the molecular weight, density, index of refraction, molecular volume, molar refraction, octanol-water partition coefficient, parachor, and polarizability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective adsorption of organic homologues onto activated carbon from dilute aqueous solutions: Solvophobic interaction approach: Part IV. Effect of simple structural modifications with aliphatics

et al. 1984

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Preferential adsorption of organic compounds onto activated carbon from dilute aqueous solutions is studied to develop a comprehensive theoretical basis for predicting the adsorption of structurally different isomers for different homologous series. The fundamental multidimensional approach of the solvophobic (c+) thermodynamic theory is further refined and used to correlate the extent of adsorption for the comprehensive theory with the overall standard net free energy change (ACnet/RT) for the association-adsorption reaction in solution, and for the simplified theory with the cavity surface area of the solute (TSA).Experimental adsorption isotherms of two homologous series (12 aliphatic alcohols and 21 aliphatic ketones) were measured and used to test and compare the c+ theory with seven independent parameters characterizing the sorbates. Several experimental innovations for measuring equilibrium adsorption isotherms are introduced to reduce the possible loss of sorbate during the procedure and to provide reproducible and reliable results.Comparing the coefficients of linear correlation (r), the results for 12 aliphatic alcohols give greater than 99% confidence that the r-values are different for hGnet/RT and molecular weight (MW). For the 15 aliphatic ketones, greater than 90% confidence interval is obtained for different r-values for TSA and MW, These results support the contention that simple structural modifications of aliphatic homologous compounds can be used to predict the effect of solutesolvent-sorbent interactions on adsorption. The c+ theory can thus be used to rankorder adsorption intensity of these compounds from the aqueous phase onto activated carbon. SCOPEDuring the past century, little effort has been expended in trying to understand the fundamentals underlying the process of adsorption of solutes from a solvent onto a solid sorbent (Miller, 1980a,b). Several simultaneous developments, such as the need to clean our surface water, the development of extremely sensitive analytical techniques, and the wide use of reverse-phase liquid chromatography, have spurred interest in this field.Most researchers used a phenomenological approach in which equilibrium adsorption models mostly derived from gas-and vapor-phase adsorption, were used to describe adsorption from the liquid phase. This approach either a priori ignored the presence of the solvent, assuming that the dominant interaction was between the solute and sorbent, or included the solvent effect without specifying its role quantitatively. Freundlich (1926), in his classic monograph, describes the first attempts 90 years ago by Traube and others to include the solvent-solute interaction effect through interfacial tension at the solid-liquid interface. Although Defay et al. (1966) a comprehensive interaction theory among solute, solvent, and sorbent is still lacking. Recent attempts to include the solventeffect in aqueous phase adsorption include a semiempirical approach based on partial solubility parameters called the net adsorption energy appro...

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Adsorption of Organic Solutes from Dilute Solutions on Solids

Deryło–Marczewska¹,

Jaroniec²

1987

Surface and Colloid Science

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Selective Adsorption of Organic Homologues onto Activated Carbon from Dilute Aqueous Solutions

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Adsorption Models

Adsorption Models

Selective adsorption of organic homologues onto activated carbon from dilute aqueous solutions: Solvophobic interaction approach: Part IV. Effect of simple structural modifications with aliphatics

Adsorption of Organic Solutes from Dilute Solutions on Solids

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