Selective and Flexible Transformation of Biomass‐Derived Platform Chemicals by a Multifunctional Catalytic System

Geilen, Frank M. A.; Engendahl, Barthel; Harwardt, Andreas; Marquardt, Wolfgang; Klankermayer, Jürgen; Leitner, Walter

doi:10.1002/anie.201002060

Cited by 562 publications

(425 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

406

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[19][20][21] This system has drawbacks of non-reusability, special handling of metal complexes and high cost of phosphine ligands. As a solution, Cao et al 22 found that 1,4-pentanediol can be produced by the selective hydrogenation of GVL over copper zirconia catalyst.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Carbon Dots versus Oxidized Carbon Dots: Photo‐ and Electrochemiluminescence Investigations for Selected Applications

Feng

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study of the composition, morphology, and surface structure of carbon dots (Cdots) is critical to understanding their effect on the photo‐ and electrochemiluminescence (PL and ECL) of Cdots in selected applications. Herein, two kinds of Cdots were prepared with 3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐L‐alanine (L‐DOPA) as precursor. The Cdots prepared by using a carbonization‐extraction strategy have a low oxidation level and are denoted as reduced Cdots (r‐Cdots). The Cdots obtained with a carbonization‐oxidation process are highly oxidized and are denoted as oxidized Cdots (o‐Cdots). The o‐Cdots have a carbon core and oxygen‐containing loose shell, but the r‐Cdots consist mainly of the carbon core. Whereas r‐Cdots have a strong blue PL but no apparent ECL response, o‐Cdots exhibit a relatively weak PL and strong ECL emission. These properties allow for selected applications of the Cdots. The r‐Cdots were used in cell imaging with their high PL emission. The o‐Cdots, with their high ECL efficiencies, were selected to sense Cu2+ with Cu2+‐inducing ECL quenching in the o‐Cdots/K2S2O8 system. This work provides the possibility to control the composition of Cdots for selected applications and shows a good way to characterize surface traps of Cdots because ECL is characterized by the surface‐state and PL is mainly related to the core‐state in Cdots.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Carbon Dots versus Oxidized Carbon Dots: Photo‐ and Electrochemiluminescence Investigations for Selected Applications

Feng

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…LA could be converted to S-GVL in moderate yields of 66% and with 98.5% ee at 60 o C, 60 bar H 2 in EtOH using a catalyst system generated in situ from [Ru(Me-allyl) 2 (COD)], S-BINAP and HCl. [28] Higher yields and ee where however achieved when EL was used as substrate, achieving 95% yields and 99% ee for S-GVL (table 1, entries [32][33]. Using the cheaper RuCl 3 as precursor in combination R-BINAP and HCl gave high yields of R-GVL (96%, ee 99%) from methyl levulinate under the same catalytic conditions (table 1, entry 34).…”

Section: Hydrogenation Of Levulinic Acid (La) To γ-Valerolactone (Gvl)mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…[28][29][30][31] In early pioneering studies Osakada et al, [32] showed the activation of C-O bonds of five membered cyclic anhydride, aldehydic and keto acids using two different ruthenium ( [10] demonstrated the use of an in situ generated Ru catalyst using a combination of Ru(acac) 3 and the strongly electron donating phosphine P n Bu 3 in the presence of NH 4 PF 6 for LA hydrogenation to GVL ( [33] reported the effect of the mondentate and chelating phosphines: trioctylphosphine (P n Oct 3 ), 1,4-diphenylphosphinobutane (DPPB) and triphos ( fig. 2) and various acidic additives for the transformation of LA.…”

Section: Hydrogenation Of Levulinic Acid (La) To γ-Valerolactone (Gvl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[33] The resistance of GVL to ring opening, due the stability of cyclic ester, hinders this process and makes it more challenging to reduce GVL further. Therefore more forcing reaction conditions (higher temperature and pressure) are required to drive the hydrogenation beyond the lactone.…”

Section: Hydrogenation Of Levulinic Acid (La) To 14-pentanediol (14mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Ru(acac) 3 /P n Bu 3 135 100 1660 8 NH 4 PF 6 >99 [10] 4 Ru(acac) 3 /TPPTS 140 69 600 12 -95 [10] 5 Ru(acac) 3 /P n Oct 3 160 100 1000 18 NH 4 PF 6 99 [33] 6 Ru(acac) 3 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Homogeneous Catalyzed Reactions of Levulinic Acid: To γ‐Valerolactone and Beyond

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Platform chemicals derived from lignocellulousic plant biomass are viewed as a sustainable replacement for crude oil based feed-stocks. Levulinic acid (LA) is one such biomass derived chemical that has been widely studied for further catalytic transformation to γ-valerolactone (GVL), an important 'green' fuel additive, solvent and fine chemical intermediate. Although the transformation of LA to GVL can be achieved using heterogeneous catalysis, homogeneous catalytic systems that operate under milder reactions, give high seletivities and can be recycled continue to attract much attention. A range of new homogeneous catalysts have now been demonstrated to efficiently convert LA to GVL, and to transform LA directly to other value added chemicals such as 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PDO) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF). This mini review covers recent advances in the area of homogeneous catalysis for the conversion of levulinic acid and levulinic ester derivatives to GVL and chemicals beyond GVL.

show abstract

Sustainable Polymers from Biomass‐Derived α‐Methylene‐γ‐Butyrolactones

Gowda

Chen

2013

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable polymers based on the biomass‐derived renewable α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactones, including α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone, γ‐methyl‐α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone, and β‐methyl‐α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone, are reviewed. Polymerization methods employed for the synthesis of such polymers are classified into four different categories according to polymerization types or mechanisms: free radical polymerization, coordination polymerization, group‐transfer and anionic polymerization, and zwitterionic polymerization. In addition to synthetic methods, polymer properties, polymerization characteristics, as well as polymerization and stereochemical control mechanisms are also described.

show abstract

Selective and Flexible Transformation of Biomass‐Derived Platform Chemicals by a Multifunctional Catalytic System

Abstract: A sustainable supply chain: The controlled transformation of the biomass‐derived platform compounds levulinic acid (LA) and itaconic acid (IA) into the corresponding lactones, diols, or cyclic ethers (see picture) by using a multifunctional molecular catalyst is described.

Cited by 562 publications

References 39 publications

Reduced Carbon Dots versus Oxidized Carbon Dots: Photo‐ and Electrochemiluminescence Investigations for Selected Applications

Reduced Carbon Dots versus Oxidized Carbon Dots: Photo‐ and Electrochemiluminescence Investigations for Selected Applications

Homogeneous Catalyzed Reactions of Levulinic Acid: To γ‐Valerolactone and Beyond

Sustainable Polymers from Biomass‐Derived α‐Methylene‐γ‐Butyrolactones

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About