The problems associated with low-temperature pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR diffusion measurements are discussed. The influence of convection is overcome by employing a coaxial insert inside a normal 5 mm NMR tube. By means of this configuration, correct diffusion constants and temperatureindependent hydrodynamic radii can be obtained. Introduction. ± There are increasing numbers of applications of pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR diffusion measurements [1] [2] in inorganic and organometallic chemistry [3 ± 15]. The calculated diffusion coefficient D can be used to estimate molecular volumes (the larger the molecule, the slower it diffuses).In recent PGSE diffusion studies, the potential of this technique for the study of ion pairing has been emphasized [16 ± 19]. Through a separate analysis of the translational properties of cation and anion, it is possible to gain insight into whether these charged species move independently or as a single unit in solution. Solvents with a relatively low dielectric constant, such as CHCl 3 , favor the formation of tight ion pairs [18] [19]. In these solvents, both cation and anion have been found to show the same, relatively small, diffusion coefficient as they move together as a relatively large unit. In morepolar solvents, such as MeOH, the cation and anion are usually not associated and show different and mutually independent D-values. In CH 2 Cl 2 , we have observed an intermediate situation, where there is partial but usually not complete ion pairing [18] [19]. The translational properties of the cation will then be affected by the anion, and vice versa. For salts of transition metals, the PGSE diffusion methodology, frequently in combination with NOE data, offers a unique structural approach to this problem. By means of these methods, the relative anion-dependent activity of the Ir phosphinooxazoline (PHOX) complexes 1 in the catalytic hydrogenation of olefins in CH 2 Cl 2 can be explained [6] [19] [20].When no