Selective antifungal activity of chitosan and sulfonated chitosan against postharvest fungus isolated from blueberry

Abstract

Two fungal isolates, F12‐20 and F3‐1, were collected from postharvest blueberry in China. By phylogenetic analysis with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and morphological analyses, they were initially identified as Penicillium and Arthrinium sacchari (A. sacchari). The results showed that water‐soluble chitosan (WCS) and sulfonated chitosan (SCS) could significantly reduce the radial growth of fungal mycelia. The best concentrations were 0.25 and 16 g L–1 for WCS and 0.50 and 64 g L–1 for SCS against Penicillium sp. and A. sacchari, respectively. Importantly, SCS exhibited selective antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and A. sacchari. As different species of fungi may respond differently to fungicides, the findings of this study will provide a basis for the development of target‐specific pathogen control and will be useful in designing and implementing fungicide resistance management for control postharvest decay, thus extending the storage life of fresh blueberry. Practical application Experimental results obtained herein are useful for designing and implementing fungicide resistance management for control postharvest decay in blueberry to improve marketable fruit and extend the storage life of fresh blueberries. And sulfonated chitosan can be applied to the target‐specific pathogen control.

Chitosan and postharvest decay of fresh fruit: Meta‐analysis of disease control and antimicrobial and eliciting activities

“…The subgroup analysis here (Figure 2) showed that 1% chitosan was significantly effective for reduction of disease incidence against: gray mold (studies, 12; total cases, 1,473), (Feliziani et al., 2015; Feliziani, Santini, Landi, & Romanazzi, 2013; Gao, Zhu, & Zhang, 2013; Gramisci, Lutez, Lopes, & Sangorrína, 2018; Hajji, Younes, Affes, Boufi, & Nasri, 2018; Kanetis, Exarchou, Charalambous, & Goulas, 2017; Romanazzi, Feliziani, Santini, & Landi, 2013; Shao, Tu, Tu, & Tu, 2012; Zheng et al., 2017) (MD, −23.97; 95% CI, −32.25 to −15.68; I 2 , 77.0%; p < 0.00001), as highly effective in nine of these studies, (Feliziani et al., 2015; Gao et al., 2013; Gramisci et al., 2018; Hajji et al., 2018; Kanetis et al., 2017; Romanazzi et al., 2013; Shao et al., 2012; Zheng et al., 2017); blue/green molds caused by Penicillium spp. (studies, 16; total cases, 1,968) (Cháfer, Sánchez‐González, González‐Martínez, & Chiralt, 2012; El Guilli, Hamza, Clément, Ibriz, & Ait Barka, 2016; Feliziani et al., 2013; Gramisci et al., 2018; Kharchoufi et al., 2018; Liu, Sun, Xiu, Huang, & Zhou, 2018; Lu et al., 2014; Romanazzi et al., 2013; Shao et al., 2012; Shao et al., 2015; Shi, Wang, Lu, & Deng, 2018; Wang, Wu, Qin, & Meng, 2014; Xing, Xu, Che, Li, & Li, 2011; Zheng et al., 2017) (MD, −30.85; 95% CI, −41.91 to −19.79; I 2 , 90.0%; p < 0.00001), as highly effective in nine of these studies (El Guilli et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2018; Lu et al., 2014; Romanazzi et al., 2013; Shao et al., 2015; Shi et al., 2018; Xing et al., 2011; Zheng et al., 2017); Rhizopus rot (studies, five; total cases, 1,740) (Cia, Benato, Pascholati, & Garcia, 2010; Ramos‐García et al., 2012; Romanazzi et al., 2013; Xing et al., 2015) (MD, −28.80; 95% CI, −46.13...…”

Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) shell chitosan and the conjugate with epigallocatechin gallate: Antioxidative and antimicrobial activities

“…Generally, chemical extraction of chitin and chitosan has several advantages over biological processes such as short processing time, high DDA of chitosan, complete removal of organic salts, and can be readily scaled up to industrial production (El Knidri et al, 2018). Therefore, chemical extraction has been widely used for the manufacturing of chitin and chitosan (de Queiroz Antonino et al, 2017;Benhabiles et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2018;Tokatlı & Demirdöven, 2018). Because of the non-toxic and biodegradable nature, chitosan has been employed intensively in various forms such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, coagulating, wound healing, and bio-adhesive agent (Antonino et al, 2017).…”

Design of Chitosan Sterilization Agents by a Structure Combination Strategy and Their Potential Application in Crop Protection

“…In the study of Liu et al [ 32 ], sulfonated chitosan (SCS) was prepared by nucleophilic substitution of 1,3-propane sultone with chitosan. The antifungal activities of the derivative in vitro and in vivo were determined by using Botrytis cinerea and Arthrinium sacchari as targets.…”