Selective breeding of rats for differences in reactivity to alcohol. An approach to an animal model of alcoholism. II. Behavioral measures.

Riley, Edward P.; Worsham, Elizabeth; Lester, David; Freed, Earl X.

doi:10.15288/jsa.1977.38.1705

Cited by 55 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Descriptions of the breeding program and of the variety of behavioral and physical measures that have been made have been reported (1,2,3). Thirteen generations of LA ("least affected") and MA ("most affected") strains have been bred; in F13 rats, the motor activity of the MA strain is reduced about 90% by the standard dose of alcohol, while in the LA strain this reduction is only 40%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Breeding of Rats for Differences in Reactivity to Alcohol: An Approach to an Animal Model of Alcoholism

Anandam

et al. 1977

Alcohol and Aldehyde Metabolizing Systems

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Breeding of Rats for Differences in Reactivity to Alcohol: An Approach to an Animal Model of Alcoholism

Anandam

et al. 1977

Alcohol and Aldehyde Metabolizing Systems

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“…But it has also been shown that rats bred for higher ethanol sensitivity [71][72][73][74] show a higher or faster rate of developing tolerance. On the other hand, sensi tivity has been shown to be independent of tolerance [ 13,75] and of alcohol intake [13] or preference in animals [76]. Finally, from several studies in animals [18,19] and in relatives of alcoholics [22,23,77] it becomes evi dent that what may be regarded as tolerance is in fact a hereditary reduced sensitivity to ethanol genetically linked to the genetic component of increased intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Drinking Habit on Catecholamine and Behavioral Responses to Stress and Ethanol

Netter

Vogel

1990

Neuropsychobiology

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The effects of alcohol tolerance on stress sensitivity to venipuncture and mental arithmetics, on acute ethanol effects, and on ethanol-induced modifications of stress responses were tested in 44 healthy male volunteers selected according to a questionnaire as 22 high (HC) and low (LC) habitual consumers of alcohol each. Plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE), mood check lists, and performance scores were obtained at two mental arithmetic stressors, one applied before and one after their intake of 0.8 g/kg of ethanol or a respective placebo drink. HC were less responsive with both E and NE to venipuncture and to mental stress regarding emotional and NE changes though showing higher E increases. Ethanol blood levels in HC were higher but ethanol-induced NE changes lower than in LC. The E, NE, and emotional stress responses were less reduced and performance less impaired by ethanol in HC than in LC. This was taken as evidence that neither stress nor ethanol sensitivity is increased in alcohol-preferring subjects but that tolerance by chronic intake of moderate doses of alcohol will result in a reduced efficacy of ethanol both on the psychological and biochemical levels, although effects on these two levels have not been found to be intraindividually related.

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“…Once the lines are highly divergent for the selection phenotype, researchers can not only examine the genetic differences that exist between lines, but also determine whether the selected alleles influence other potentially related phenotypes. The alcohol research community had taken advantage of this approach for many years [ 78 ]; and selective breeding for a wide range of ethanol sensitivity-related behaviors has been conducted in mice and rats [ 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ]. While this approach has been used for QTL mapping in the past, it generally does not provide sufficient resolution for gene identification.…”

Section: Genetic Approaches In Rodent Models Of Audsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Sensitivity as an Endophenotype of Alcohol Use Disorder: Exploring Its Translational Utility between Rodents and Humans

2020

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex, chronic, relapsing disorder with multiple interacting genetic and environmental influences. Numerous studies have verified the influence of genetics on AUD, yet the underlying biological pathways remain unknown. One strategy to interrogate complex diseases is the use of endophenotypes, which deconstruct current diagnostic categories into component traits that may be more amenable to genetic research. In this review, we explore how an endophenotype such as sensitivity to alcohol can be used in conjunction with rodent models to provide mechanistic insights into AUD. We evaluate three alcohol sensitivity endophenotypes (stimulation, intoxication, and aversion) for their translatability across human and rodent research by examining the underlying neurobiology and its relationship to consumption and AUD. We show examples in which results gleaned from rodents are successfully integrated with information from human studies to gain insight in the genetic underpinnings of AUD and AUD-related endophenotypes. Finally, we identify areas for future translational research that could greatly expand our knowledge of the biological and molecular aspects of the transition to AUD with the broad hope of finding better ways to treat this devastating disorder.

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Selective breeding of rats for differences in reactivity to alcohol. An approach to an animal model of alcoholism. II. Behavioral measures.

Cited by 55 publications

References 16 publications

Selective Breeding of Rats for Differences in Reactivity to Alcohol: An Approach to an Animal Model of Alcoholism

Selective Breeding of Rats for Differences in Reactivity to Alcohol: An Approach to an Animal Model of Alcoholism

The Effect of Drinking Habit on Catecholamine and Behavioral Responses to Stress and Ethanol

Alcohol Sensitivity as an Endophenotype of Alcohol Use Disorder: Exploring Its Translational Utility between Rodents and Humans

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