Selective Detection of Cyanide in Water and Biological Samples by an Off-the-Shelf Compound

Abstract

The simple off-the-shelf chemical 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (1) based copper complex (1·Cu 2+ ) has been used for the selective detection of toxic cyanide in aqueous medium. The DFT calculation confirms the binding behavior between 1 and Cu2+ (2:1) and the red shift in the UV–vis spectrum with copper ion was confirmed by the decrease in energy between HOMO–LUMO band gaps. The cyanide sensing in water was confirmed by both absorption and emission spectral studies. Cyanide ion showed 13-fold increments in fluorescent intensity in emission spectrum via displacement of copper from 1·Cu 2+ . The limit of detection of CN– in water is 5.77 μM; 1·Cu 2+ also applicable for the detection of cyanide in fresh mouse serum with detection limit of 14.4 μM. The cell images showed that 1·Cu 2+ could be used to detect intracellular CN–.

Dyes based on the 2(1H)‐quinolone skeleton as potential colorimetric and fluorescent sensors for cyanide anions

“…The DLs of 1 ‐ 4 for cyanide anions were 6.7, 11.1, 3.8 and 7.2 μmol/L, respectively. The lowest concentration of cyanide anions that could be detected by tested sensors was 3.8‐6.7 μmol/L, which is comparable with other values reported for compounds in the literature …”

“…The lowest concentration of cyanide anions that could be detected by tested sensors was 3.8-6.7 μmol/L, which is comparable with other values reported for compounds in the literature. [31][32][33][34]…”

A Mitochondria-Specific Fluorescent Probe for Visualizing Endogenous Hydrogen Cyanide Fluctuations in Neurons

“…To date, cyanide anion probes have been used to sense endogenous cyanide in plant samples. 13a,16 However, to our knowledge, no cyanide anion probe has been used successfully to monitor endogenous HCN levels in mitochondria.…”

The crystal structure of bis(2-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-olato-κ2O,O′)copper(II), C24H16CuF6O4

“…Copper complexes have shown great potential for applications in sensors, magnetic materials and catalysts in the past few years [4][5][6]. The structural analysis reveals that the complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1.…”