Selective determination of altertoxins by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection with dual “in-series” electrodes

Electro-oxidation of altertoxin I (ATX-I) at gold electrodes modified by dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayers

“…The detection limit estimated under these conditions for a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1 was 4 · 10 À8 mol dm À3 (14 ppb). This value is fourteen times larger than that determined for ATX-I by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection [35], and about three times the value previously obtained by us from the ATX-I surface electrochemical signal on carbon electrodes in 20% ACN + 80% 1 M HClO 4 as the reaction medium [37]. Nevertheless, the facts that Alternaria mycotoxins have been mostly detected at levels between 130 and 350 ppb in naturally infected matrixes [34], that the method here proposed is more rapid and more cost effective than usual chromatographic ones as well as the absence of interference of mycotoxins of the same genus, which often occur with ATX-I, make the present electroanalytical methodology suitable for the determination of ATX-I in real samples.…”

“…It has already been reported that ATX-I is an anodically electroactive substance [34]. Its quantitative determination by using liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection has also been proposed [35].…”

Improvement of alternariol monomethyl ether detection at gold electrodes modified with a dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayer

“…The importance of Alternaria mycotoxins has markedly increased because many plant products, with a paramount presence in human and animal diets, are frequently infected by Alternaria species capable of mycotoxin production [9][10][11]. Chromatographic techniques have been preferentially used for the analysis of these metabolites [11][12][13][14][15].…”

The Redox Kinetics of Adsorbed ATX-I at Carbon Electrodes by Anodic Stripping Square-Wave Voltammetry

“…Trace analysis of altertoxins in natural samples may be dif®cult to perform because of the coexistence of AOH, which is often produced at a higher concentration level by Alternaria [9]. Their quantitative determination by using HPLC with electrochemical detection, which involved the use of a dual in-series electrode detection operating in the``redox'' mode has been reported [8].…”