“…Among the methods used to monitor estradiol: HPLC [4,7], surface plasmon resonance [8,9], fluorescence [10], Raman spectroscopy [11] etc., electrochemical techniques offer several advantages, such as short time of analysis, simplicity, high sensitivity and selectivity. In electrochemistry, the use of modified electrodes is very common; recent strategies for estradiol detection include different nanomaterials [12][13][14], molecularly imprinted polymers [3,[15][16][17], and antibodies [18][19][20][21].…”