Selective Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Monazite Ores with High Iron Content

Teixeira, Leandro Augusto Viana; Silva, Ruberlan Gomes; Avelar, Angela Nair; Majuste, D.; Ciminelli, Virgínia S. T.

doi:10.1007/s42461-018-0035-5

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This establishes the calcined algae (25% of Y in weight) as an alternative source of REEs, particularly Y, since the REEs content in natural deposits hardly surpasses 5% in weight. 74 − 76 Compared to natural apatite ores, the obtained Y concentrations in dried and calcined algae were 32 to 240 times greater. 77 The values found for the solubilized algae were higher than the initial concentration in the working solution and up to 8 times higher than the values found for ΣREEs in other secondary sources, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Furthermore, the solubilization of REEs in macroalgae biomass requires less aggressive means than those required for ore. , Calcining the biomass increased the concentration of Y and other REEs up to 8 times and reduced the algal weight by 87%. This establishes the calcined algae (25% of Y in weight) as an alternative source of REEs, particularly Y, since the REEs content in natural deposits hardly surpasses 5% in weight. − Compared to natural apatite ores, the obtained Y concentrations in dried and calcined algae were 32 to 240 times greater . The values found for the solubilized algae were higher than the initial concentration in the working solution and up to 8 times higher than the values found for ΣREEs in other secondary sources, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Optimizing the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Spent Fluorescent Lamps by Living Ulva sp

Viana,

Colónia,

Tavares

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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Given the significant industrial applications of rare earth elements (REEs), supply chain constraints, and negative environmental impacts associated with their extraction, finding alternative sources has become a critical challenge. Previously, we highlighted the potential of living Ulva sp. in the removal and preconcentration of Y from a solution obtained by sequential acid leaching of spent fluorescent lamps (SFLs). Here, we extended that study to other REEs extracted from SFLs and evaluated the effect of pH (4.5−9.0), light exposure (absence, natural and supplemented with artificial light), and Hg (presence and absence). The results showed small differences in the removal of Y (23−30%) and other REEs at the different pH values, opening the scope of the methodology. However, Ulva sp. relative growth rate (RGR) was negatively affected in the higher acidity condition, without any visible signs of decay. In the absence of light, the RGR also decreased, which was accompanied by a halving of the removal efficiency compared to that with artificial light supplementation (40% for Y). Although Hg had minimal influence on the removal and concentration of REEs by Ulva sp., its presence in the enriched biomass is undesirable. Therefore, this contaminant was selectively removed from the solution using Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /SiDTC nanoparticles before contact with the macroalgae (70% removal in 30 min; 99% in 72 h). In addition to easy solubilization, macroalgae enriched with REEs have a simpler composition compared to SFLs. Calcination of the biomass allowed the REEs to be further concentrated, with concentrations (130 mg/g for Y) up to 240 times higher than in typical apatite ore. This highlights enriched biomass as a sustainable alternative to traditional mining for obtaining these critical raw materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Optimizing the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Spent Fluorescent Lamps by Living Ulva sp

Viana,

Colónia,

Tavares

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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“…A sequential extraction procedure in the study showed that the majority (85%) of REEs were present in the residual fraction, and around 12% of REEs were found in the acid-soluble fraction. Conventionally, concentrated sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid is employed to extract REEs from monazite, resulting in the production of toxic waste [38,39]. Organic acids are able to selectively release REEs from monazite, including oxalic acid, citric acid and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), but they have a lower recovery rate than inorganic acids [40,41].…”

Section: Monazite Orementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements: Perspectives from Mineral Characteristics and Microbial Species

Shi,

Pan,

Dong

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Bioleaching exhibits high potential for the processing of low-grade complex mineral resources. With the development of the economy and an increase in demand, rare earth elements (REEs) in secondary resources, such as phosphogypsum, red mud and coal-related resources, are gaining more and more attention. In this review, the bioleaching performance of diverse microorganisms is summarized and compared for primary (mainly monazite) and secondary REE resources, based on publications from the past decade. The mineral characteristics of these REE resources are different, as they can be found in phosphate, sulfate, or silicate forms. Correspondingly, microbial species suitable for use in bioleaching differ. The most efficient bioleaching microbe for monazite is Paecilomyces sp., while Acidianus manzaensis is effective in processing red mud. Acidophilic sulfur oxidizers are suitable for processing acidic phosphogypsum. Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans could recover a significant amount of REEs from coal fly ash. In particular, monazite has a high REE content but extremely low bioleaching efficiency compared to that of secondary resources, supporting the understanding that bioleaching approaches are more competitive for minerals with low REE contents. Overall, great progress has been made over the last decade, as considerable REE recovery rates have been achieved, and the main metabolites of microbes were identified. However, numerous challenges still exist. Future efforts should focus on improving biorecovery efficiency, reducing the cost of cell-culture media, and exploring the interaction mechanism between cells and minerals, with an emphasis on mineralogical phase transformations and the molecular regulation mechanisms inside cells during the bioleaching process.

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“…These deposits are multi-component. Monazite REE extraction technology is well developed and various techniques are described in the literature: mechanochemical sulphuric acid solution (Kim et al 2009; Borai et al 2016; Teixeira et al 2019), organic acids treatment (Lazo et al 2017), alkali liquid solution (Xu et al 2012), nitric acid solution (Aly et al 2016) and even bioleaching (Brisson et al 2016). The last is interesting due to environmental issues because this one promises a minimum contamination of nearby areas.…”

Section: Technologies Of Ree Minerals Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earths of the Murmansk Region, NW Russia: minerals, extraction technologies and value

Kalashnikov

Коноплева

Danilin

2022

Applied Earth Science

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There are rich deposits of rare earth elements (REE) in the Murmansk region, Russia (approximately 14 194 kt of REE 2 O 3 ). At the moment only one of REE deposits are being extracted and processed, the Lovozero Loparite deposit. The main purpose of this article is to estimate the expected value of existing REE resources in the Murmansk region and to make an overview on actual technologies for the extraction and processing of REE from ore minerals. Based on these data, the authors propose a direction for the development of REE industry in the region, namely extraction of REE from minerals already mined (apatite of the Khibiny deposits and baddeleyite of the Kovdor deposit); optimisation or development of mineral processing technologies of eudialyte (the Lovozero Eudialyte deposit) and perovskite (the Afrikanda deposit); carrying out exploration works at the Keivy Zr-REE ore occurrences and developing processing and technologies for these ores.

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Selective Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Monazite Ores with High Iron Content

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Optimizing the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Spent Fluorescent Lamps by Living Ulva sp

Optimizing the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Spent Fluorescent Lamps by Living Ulva sp

Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements: Perspectives from Mineral Characteristics and Microbial Species

Rare earths of the Murmansk Region, NW Russia: minerals, extraction technologies and value

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