Selective feeding by<i>Abarenicola pacifica</i>with notes on<i>Abarenicola vagabunda</i>and a concept of gardening in lugworms

Hylleberg, Jørgen

doi:10.1080/00785236.1975.10421972

Cited by 214 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We found no evidence that lugworms feed on the green algae. Nor do fragments of green algae seem to be a suitable food for lugworms (Hylleberg, 1975;Rijken, 1979). This is in contrast to nereid polychaetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Germination and anchorage ofEnteromorpha spp. in sediments of the Wadden Sea

Schories

Reise

1993

Helgolander Meeresunters

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Large quantities of filamentous green algae (Enteromorpha sppl) have regularly occurred on muddy and sandy tidal flats in K6nigshafen, on the island of Sylt (North Sea), since 1979 -covering the sediments in thick mats during the summer months. While spores of Enteromorpha were encountered in both mud and sand, germ~g formation was restricted to sand: However, mud snarls (Hydrobia ulvae Pennant) were overgrown with small Enteromorpha filaments in both habitats, about 50% of them at a muddy site and 20% at a sandy one. Filaments, several cm in length and still adhering to the snails, became tangled into clusters. At the sandy site, with abundant Arenicola marina L., these clusters slid into the feeding funne!s of lugworm burrows; the importance of this Secondary anchorage is demonstrated by afield experiment. We suggest that the primary and secondary attachment of Enteromorpha filaments provided by benthic fauna is an essential step in the development of green algal mats on sedimentary tidaI flats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Germination and anchorage ofEnteromorpha spp. in sediments of the Wadden Sea

Schories

Reise

1993

Helgolander Meeresunters

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“…Hylleberg (1975) proposed a concept of gardening in lugworms: in the pocket region of the burrow, irrigation enhances bacterial growth which attracts flagellates, ciliates and nematodes and this entire community serves as food to the lugworm. The concept is derived from investigations on Abarenicola pacifica Healy & Wells, and probably does not apply to A. marina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High abundance of small zoobenthos around biogenic structures in tidal sediments of the Wadden Sea

Reise

1981

Helgolander Meeresunters

119

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On the tidal flats of the island of Sylt (eastern part of the North Sea) the quantity of micro-and meiofauna associated with shoots of seagrass (Zostera no]tii), with infaunal bivalves (Macoma balthica), and with tubes and burrows of polychaetes (Pygospio elegans, Pectinaria korenL Nereis diversicolor, Nereis virens, Arenicota marina)was found to add up to 5 to 33 % of the overall abundance. These structures, taken together, account for 10 to 50 % of the faunal abundance on an average tidal flat at Sylt. The quantitative effect of biogenic structures at the sediment surface (casts and funnels) is small compared to that of tubes and burrows penetrating the anaerobic subsurface layer. In providing stable oxic microenvironments these elite structures frequently bring together more individuals than occur in the entire reducing sediment below surface. Faunal composition of irrigated dwellings of large infauna is different from that of the oxic surface sediment. The common denominator of all elite structures of the subsurface is an oxic halo. Burrows without such a halo are unattractive. There is no evidence that owners of burrows prey on their smaller inmates.

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“…Wie bei den Kotballen, so liegt auch der Nutzgewinn des Detritus far den Sedimentfresser weniger im Detritus selbst (Hylleberg, 1975), sondern vielmehr in den aufsitzenden Mikroorganismen, die sich ihrerseits yon der im freien Wasser befindlichen bzw. in Aggregationen vorliegenden gel6sten organischen Substanzen ern~ihren.…”

Section: Die I~brigen Komponenten Des Nahrungssubstratsunclassified

Nahrung und Freßverhalten bei Sedimentfressern dargestellt am Beispiel von Sipunculiden und Holothurien

Hansen

1978

Helgolander Wiss. Meeresunters

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Food and feeding behavior of sediment feeders as exemplified by sipunculids and holothurians. Using a Phillipson microbomb calorimeter, the energy values of the "infauna-substrate-feeders" Sipunculus nudus and PhascoIosoma vulgare and the nutritive value of their food substrate were determined. Calorific measurements were made of the total food substrate, of meiofauna organisms living in it and of fecal pellets from other invertebrate animals which are an ~mportant part in the food supply. Analyses of the gut content of the sipunculids and their feces were compared with the surrounding sediment. The total sediment had an ash content of about 97 ~ and an energy content of approximately 0.14 ca1 mg -1 dry weight; this is equivalent to 165 kcal m -2. For the meiofauna in this substrate a biomass of 800 mg dry weight was calculated. Using calorific determinations of important meiofauna groups (nematodes 5274 kcal kg -1, ostracods 5884 and 6000 kcal kg-1), one square meter of the sediment surface -the sipunculid food source -yielded a caloric content of 3.78 kcal for the meiofauna, which means a contribution of 2.3 ~ to the total food substrate. The largest part of the calorific contents is by far provided by fecal pellets with 0.6 cal mg -1 dry weight or 150 kcal m-2; this accounts for 92 ~ of the total calorific content of the food substrate. Peritrophic membrar~es and attached microorganisms may be responsible for this spectacularly high value. Coprophagy plays an important role. The rest of the total value was contributed by particulate and dissolved detritus as well as protozoans with a calculated sum of 10 kcal m -2 or 6 ~ Food uptake is selective with regard to small sediment grain sizes. The amount of meiofauna in the gut is 80 times lower than in the surrounding environment, the energy content in the anterior gut 10 times higher. The energy loss in S. nudus from the anterior gut to the middle gut is more than 70 ~ to the posterior gut a further loss of 19 ~ was observed. Calorific measurements in the 'feces were no longer possible. The utilization of food appears to be almost 100 ~ A correlation between ash content and the quantity of the sand grain-size fraction 37-125 #m and the calorific content is shown. The meiofauna does not represent a significant part of the total food structure, but it is taken up and utilized as food by the sediment feeding macrofauna.EINLEITUNG

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Selective feeding byAbarenicola pacificawith notes onAbarenicola vagabundaand a concept of gardening in lugworms

Cited by 214 publications

References 21 publications

Germination and anchorage ofEnteromorpha spp. in sediments of the Wadden Sea

Germination and anchorage ofEnteromorpha spp. in sediments of the Wadden Sea

High abundance of small zoobenthos around biogenic structures in tidal sediments of the Wadden Sea

Nahrung und Freßverhalten bei Sedimentfressern dargestellt am Beispiel von Sipunculiden und Holothurien

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