Selective herbicides for control of hen’s eyes (<i>Ardisia crenata</i>) in forests and natural areas

Cristan, Richard; Enloe, Stephen F.; Sellers, Brent A.; Osiecka, Anna

doi:10.1017/inp.2019.29

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Greenhouse studies by Dias et al (2017) found that the new formulations of triclopyr exhibit similar activity on common crop species. However, field studies using the new formulations revealed that there may be some variability depending on the target species, as the acid formulation was very effective at controlling hen's eyes ( Ardisia crenata Sims), but the choline formulation did not result in significant control of this species (Cristan et al 2019). Mechanisms for this have not been well studied, especially for the acid and choline formulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of novel triclopyr formulations for control of Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum)

Glueckert

Leary

Enloe

2023

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum) is a smothering vine that has invaded thousands of hectares of wetlands in southern and central Florida including the Everglades. For more than two decades, the standard management approach in natural areas has been to cut the vines at waist height, leaving climbing rachis to desiccate in the tree canopy (poodle cutting) and subsequently treat all rooted ground cover with a foliar application of a 3% volume per volume (v/v) solution of glyphosate. While this is generally effective, there is increasing interest in providing additional control options and more selective treatments. Along with glyphosate, triclopyr is widely used in invasive plant management and may also provide increased selectivity when treating the ground cover. However, it has not been well tested on L. microphyllum, especially the more recently developed acid and choline formulations. In a series of field trials, we compared the acid, amine, and choline formulations of triclopyr, against glyphosate as a positive reference and non-treated plots as a negative reference based on control of L. microphyllum at three wetland sites in southern Florida over the period of 2016 to 2020. Significant reductions in L. microphyllum cover were measured at 1 MAT and continued to the termination of the studies at 12 and 28 months after treatment. We found all three triclopyr formulations applied with a single nozzle backpack sprayer at 5.4 g ae L-1 provided comparable activity to glyphosate applied at 14.4 g ae L-1. There were few differences in L. microphyllum efficacy between the three triclopyr formulations at each site. These results indicate that triclopyr is a suitable alternative to glyphosate for L. microphyllum control in wetland ecosystems. Future research should evaluate triclopyr efficacy on L. microphyllum in varied hydrologic conditions to better refine treatment prescriptions for wetlands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of novel triclopyr formulations for control of Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum)

Glueckert

Leary

Enloe

2023

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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“…(Ramsey et al 2012) and MSO is recommended for titi applications, but we found no research supporting its use for woody plants. Triclopyr is the most lipophilic among these herbicides (Shaner 2014) and is commonly used for titi control or other waxy leaf shrubs in the region (Cristan et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide control of swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora) in restoration of ephemeral wetlands

Minogue,

Lauer,

Sharma

et al. 2023

Restoration Ecology

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Swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora L.) is a vigorous native shrub or small tree found in poorly drained areas of the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain. In the absence of fire, it creates dense thickets that prevent herbaceous groundcover in ephemeral wetlands, degrading habitat for uncommon and endangered amphibians and other genera. In our study, aquatic herbicides and methods of application were examined at two forests in north Florida for restoration of ephemeral wetland habitat to benefit wetland‐breeding amphibians. Glyphosate, imazapyr, and combinations of glyphosate and imazapyr were tested in four study protocols that included an operational standard (triclopyr), treatment method control, and untreated control where appropriate. Results of foliar protocols (targeting rootstocks less than 1.5 m tall) demonstrated that glyphosate provided better titi control than imazapyr (average of 79% vs. 12% mortality), there was no strong improvement with the addition of imazapyr to glyphosate (84% mortality), glyphosate treatments had titi mortality as high or higher than the triclopyr operational treatment (57% mortality), and that methylated seed oil surfactant improved glyphosate efficacy but might have been antagonistic for combination treatments. Glyphosate and imazapyr cut stump treatments did not provide higher efficacy than the triclopyr standard treatment (60% mortality). Cut stem treatments (targeting rootstocks greater than 1.5 m tall) provided the highest level of control averaging 97, 90, 97, and 80% mortality for glyphosate, imazapyr, combination treatments, and triclopyr standard, respectively. Only directed foliar sprays reduced total groundcover and graminoid cover, with triclopyr treatment giving the least reduction of desired herbaceous groundcover.

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“…Additionally, a relatively new acid formulation of triclopyr has been shown to be comparable to and better than the triclopyr amine formulation on Tahitian bridal veil [ Gibasis pellucida (M. Martens & Galeotti) D.R. Hunt] (Yu et al 2022) and hen’s eyes ( Ardisia crenata Sims) (Cristan et al 2019), respectively. The triclopyr acid formulation warrants additional testing, as it is labeled for aquatic use and, operationally, has been shown to be effective at lower use rates than current rates recommended for triclopyr ester for basal bark treatment of S. terebinthifolia (Bell 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel basal bark and cut stump herbicide treatments for Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) management

Bell,

Enloe,

Leary

et al. 2023

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) is an aggressive shrub that infests over 280,000 ha in Florida. Individual plant treatments (IPT) including basal bark and cut stump application with triclopyr butoxyethylester and triethylamine formulations, respectively, have been used for decades. While they are both effective, resprouting can occur, which requires retreatment for control. Recent research on other woody invasive plants has indicated additional non-crop herbicides used in natural areas can be effective with these IPT techniques and therefore, warrant testing on Brazilian peppertree. In 2018 and 2019, basal bark and cut stump studies were conducted at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in natural areas infested with Brazilian peppertree. In the basal bark application studies, we found aminocyclopyrachlor applied at 12 and 24 g L-1 and triclopyr acid applied at 34 and 69 g L-1 each provided 100% defoliation of multi-stemmed Brazilian peppertree individuals with a mean root collar diameter up to 20.2 cm at 360 days after treatment. These were not different from triclopyr ester applied at 96 g L-1. Imazamox applied at 30 g L-1 resulted in 86% defoliation 360 DAT. However, we observed formulation incompatibility when it was mixed with basal bark oil, which may limit its utility. In cut stump studies, we found aminocyclopyrachlor and aminopyralid each individually applied at 6, 12, and 24 g L-1, resulted in stump mortality that was not different from the commercial standard triclopyr amine applied at 180 g L-1. Similar results were found for a triclopyr acid formulation applied at 86 and 172 g L-1 and imazamox applied at 60 g L-1. For both treatment techniques, we found that alternative treatments provided control at lower herbicide concentrations than triclopyr ester and amine commercial standards. These results advance our understanding of IPT and expand access to additional effective herbicide options for Brazilian peppertree management.

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Selective herbicides for control of hen’s eyes (Ardisia crenata) in forests and natural areas

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Evaluation of novel triclopyr formulations for control of Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum)

Evaluation of novel triclopyr formulations for control of Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum)

Herbicide control of swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora) in restoration of ephemeral wetlands

Novel basal bark and cut stump herbicide treatments for Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) management

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