Selective Hydrocracking of Fischer–Tropsch Waxes to High-quality Diesel Fuel Over Pt-promoted Polyoxocation-pillared Montmorillonites

Abstract

Polyoxocation ([AlO 4 Al 12 (OH) 24 (H 2 O) 12 ] 7? and [Zr 4 (OH) 14 (H 2 O) 10 ] 2? )-pillared montmorillonites were prepared by ion exchange, and they were used as solid acid catalysts, in comparison to some other solid acids, for the selective hydrocracking of Fischer-Tropsch waxes to diesel-ranged hydrocarbons. XRD patterns and elemental analyses proved that the polyoxocations were successfully introduced into the interlayer region of the montmorillonites. N 2 adsorption-desorption measurement indicated that polyoxocation-pillared montmorillonites have large BET surface areas ([230 m 2 g -1 ), high thermal stability ([673 K), and large pores (comparing to those in zeolites). FT-IR spectra of chemisorbed pyridine indicated that polyoxocation-pillared montmorillonites possess both Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on the solid surface. Temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia indicated that the acidity strength of the polyoxocation-pillared montmorillonites was weaker than those of H-ZSM-5, H-Y, WO

Production of middle distillate through hydrocracking of paraffin wax over NiMo/TiO2-SiO2 catalysts

“…Fig. 3 shows the HR-TEM images of NiMo/TS (26) catalyst sulfided at 360 o C. The images clearly show the layered structure of MoS 2 phase. It is known that the degree of slab length and stacked layers are affected by the sulfidation and dispersion of Ni and Mo species.…”

Effect of Manganese Promotion on Al-Pillared Montmorillonite Supported Cobalt Nanoparticles for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

“…The reason for this increase in pore size is the formation of delaminated structure responsible for increase in MMT pore size, a similar behavior reported in reference. 30 Due to the larger BET surface area 254 m 2 /g and much larger pore size, we claim that AlMMT can play a positive role as support for the FT catalysts.…”

“…Figure 2(a) shows the XRD pattern of MMT having (001) diffraction peak with a basal spacing of 12.06 Å and the thickness of the host layer of MMT is 9.3 Å. 30 The gallery height was found to be 3.3 Å, which was calculated by subtracting the host layer thickness from the basal spacing of the MMT.…”

Catalytic Deoxygenation of Hexadecyl Palmitate as a Model Compound of Euglena Oil in H2 and N2 Atmospheres

“…The catalyst containing Pt metal and basic hydrotalcite has been reported as excellent for the aromatization of n-hexane [26]. We had developed some multi-functional catalysts containing metal and solid acid for some industrially important reactions [36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Figure 8A). Figure 8B shows the magnified area from 11.1 to 14.1 min in Figure 8A; this enables us to observe the composition of C 15 and C 16 hydrocarbons that are formed by the reaction in N 2 atmosphere.…”