Selective laser melting of hybrid ex-situ/in-situ reinforced titanium matrix composites: Laser/powder interaction, reinforcement formation mechanism, and non-equilibrium microstructural evolutions

Fereiduni, Eskandar; Ghasemi, Ali; Elbestawi, M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108185

Cited by 83 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In addition, the surface roughness of the host particles increased. The surface roughening (not the shape change) of Ti64 particles in the ball-milled composite powders subjected to relatively short mixing times (1–3 h) can be attributed mainly to the guest B 4 C particles hitting their surface due to two reasons:The guest B 4 C powder particles are noticeably harder than the host Ti64 powder particles [22,74,75,76]. Accordingly, the noticeably harder B 4 C particles have a great potential to scratch, punch and roughen the surface of softer Ti64 particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The guest B 4 C powder particles are noticeably harder than the host Ti64 powder particles [22,74,75,76]. Accordingly, the noticeably harder B 4 C particles have a great potential to scratch, punch and roughen the surface of softer Ti64 particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the powder bed packing density directly affects the density and mechanical properties of the additively manufactured components [19,20]. Therefore, the flowability and the packing density of the powders need to be investigated prior to the AM process to ensure the soundness of the final parts [21,22,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Composite Powder Feedstock from Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Perspective

2019

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This research aims at evaluating the characteristics of the 5 wt.% B4C/Ti-6Al-4V composite powder feedstock prepared by two different categories of mechanical mixing for powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) of metal matrix composites (MMCs). Microstructural features, particle size, size distribution, sphericity, conditioned bulk density and flow behavior of the developed powders were examined. The flowability of the regularly mixed powders was significantly lower than that of the Ti-6Al-4V powder. However, the flowability of the ball-milled systems was a significant function of the milling time. The decrease in the flowability of the 2 h ball-milled powder compared to the Ti-6Al-4V powder was attributed to the mechanical interlocking and the entangling caused by the B4C particles fully decorating the Ti-6Al-4V particles. Although the flattened/irregular shape of powder particles in the 6 h milled system acted to reduce the flowability, the overall surface area reduction led to higher flowability than that for the 2 h milling case. Regardless of the mixing method, incorporation of B4C particles into the system decreased the apparent density of the Ti-6Al-4V powder. The composite powder obtained by 2 h of ball milling was suggested as the best possible condition, meeting the requirements of PBF–AM processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Composite Powder Feedstock from Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Perspective

2019

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“…Discontinuously reinforced titanium matrix composites (TMCs) have been considered as a promising material for aerospace application because of their high strength and excellent wear resistance at elevated temperatures [1][2][3]. TiC particle-reinforced TMCs (TiC-TMCs) have been reported extensively, since TiC particles possess the excellent balance of stability, stiffness, modulus and compatibility with Ti matrices [4][5][6][7]. In the past few decades, in situ synthesized technique and traditional casting has been combined to produce TMCs owing to its obvious advantages such as simplicity, low cost, direct casting forming and large-scale production [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the Lamellar Structure and Analysis of Tensile Properties of TiC/Ti-6Al-3Sn-9Zr-1.5Mo Composite Produced by In Situ Casting Technique

Zhu

Dong

Liu

et al. 2021

Metals

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In the present paper, new heat treatment was performed on 10 vol.% TiC/Ti-6Al-3Sn-9Zr-1.5Mo composite fabricated by an in situ casting technique. The aim is to obtain fully lamellar structure in matrix, control the lamellar structure quantitatively and understand the variation of the tensile properties of as-cast and heat-treated composites. For as-cast composite, matrix exhibited fully lamellar structure with some extent of basket-weave characteristics, and reinforcement was mainly in fine rod and strip shape. After β heat treatment, matrix microstructure was refined visibly. As the new cooling method was employed, wider α lath in matrix was obtained. The composite with very fine lamellar structure showed better yield strength (YS) in comparison with that with coarse lamellar microstructure below 650 °C. At 700 °C, fine grain strengthening cannot exert effective influence on tensile strength. It is proved that the enhanced YS is mainly ascribed to the refinement of α lath at ambient temperature. The heat-treated composites with wider α lath displayed excellent ductility at ambient temperature. Above 600 °C, the effect of α phase size on tensile elongation was negligible in the heat-treated composites, since matrix was softened.

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“…Nishikawa and Iwata [9] have found out that the solder joints processed by laser has superior impact reliabilit than those prepared by conventional reflow soldering. Moreover, the growing popularity of laser in flexible electronics [10] , additive manufacturing (3D printing) [11][12][13][14] and biomaterials fabrication [15] sectors, has attracted a great attention from researchers, and study of laser heat source on any materials system can aid in understanding the mechanism of laser-materials interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A data-driven framework to predict the morphology of interfacial Cu6Sn5 IMC in SAC/Cu system during laser soldering

Kunwar

Liu

et al. 2020

Journal of Materials Science & Technology

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A data-driven approach combining together the experimental laser soldering, finite element analysis and machine learning, has been utilized to predict the morphology of interfacial intermetallic compound (IMC) in Sn-xAg-yCu/Cu (SAC/Cu) system. Six types of SAC solders with varying weight proportion of Ag and Cu, have been processed with fiber laser at different magnitudes of power (30-50 W) and scan speed (10 -240 mm/min), and the resultant IMC morphologies characterized through scanning electron microscope are categorized as prismatic and scalloped ones. For the different alloy composition and laser parameters, finite element method (FEM) is employed to compute the transient distribution of temperature at the interface of solder and substrates. The FEM-generated datasets are supplied to a neural network that predicts the IMC morphology through the quantified values of temperature dependent Jackson parameter (αJ). The numerical value of αJ predicted from neural network is validated with experimental IMC morphologies. The critical scan speed for the morphology transition between prismatic and scalloped IMC is estimated for each solder composition at a given power. Sn-0.7Cu having the largest critical scan speed at 30 W and Sn-3.5Ag alloy having the largest critical scan speed at input power 2 values of 40 W and 50 W, thus possessing the greatest likelihood of forming prismatic interfacial IMC during laser soldering, can be inferred as most suitable SAC solders in applications exposed to shear loads.

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Selective laser melting of hybrid ex-situ/in-situ reinforced titanium matrix composites: Laser/powder interaction, reinforcement formation mechanism, and non-equilibrium microstructural evolutions

Cited by 83 publications

References 52 publications

Characterization of Composite Powder Feedstock from Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Perspective

Characterization of Composite Powder Feedstock from Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Perspective

Control of the Lamellar Structure and Analysis of Tensile Properties of TiC/Ti-6Al-3Sn-9Zr-1.5Mo Composite Produced by In Situ Casting Technique

A data-driven framework to predict the morphology of interfacial Cu6Sn5 IMC in SAC/Cu system during laser soldering

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