Selective Laser Melting of In Situ TiB/Ti6Al4V Composites: Formability, Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Performance

Su, Yue; Luo, Shuncun; Liu, Meng; Gao, Piao; Wang, Zemin

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01021-3

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis is a powerful technique for characterising the phase composition of materials. The dual-phase titanium alloy known as Titanium Grade 5 possesses exceptional comprehensive qualities and combines the best features of the α-phase and β-phase phases [37,38]. A hexagonal (hcp) crystal structure characterises the α phase of Titanium Grade 5, in contrast to the body-centred cubic (bcc) structure seen in the β phase [39].…”

Section: Xrd Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oxidation Process on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Titanium Grade 5 Alloy

Saier,

Esen,

Ahlatci

et al. 2024

Materials

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In this study, microstructural characterization, mechanical (tensile and compressive) properties, and tribological (wear) properties of Titanium Grade 5 alloy after the oxidation process were examined. While it is observed that the grey contrast coloured α grains are coaxial in the microstructures, it is seen that there are black contrast coloured β grains at the grain boundaries. However, in oxidised Titanium Grade 5, it is possible to observe that the α structure becomes larger, and the number and density of the structure increases. Small-sized structures can be seen inside the growing α particles and on the β particles. These structures are predicted to be Al-Ti/Al-V secondary phases. The nonoxidised alloy matrix and the OL layer exhibited a macrolevel hardness of 335 ± 3.21 HB and 353 ± 1.62 HB, respectively. The heat treatment increased Vickers microhardness by 13% in polished and etched nonoxidised and oxidised alloys, from 309 ± 2.08 HV1 to 352 ± 1.43 HV1. The Vickers microhardness value of the oxidised sample was 528 ± 1.74 HV1, as a 50% increase was noted. According to their tensile properties, oxidised alloys showed a better result compared to nonoxidised alloys. While the peak stress in the oxidised alloy was 1028.40 MPa, in the nonoxidised alloy, this value was 1027.20 MPa. It is seen that the peak stresses of both materials are close to each other, and the result of the oxidised alloy is slightly better. When we look at the breaking strain to characterise the deformation behaviour in the materials, it is 0.084 mm/mm in the oxidised alloy; In the nonoxidised alloy, it is 0.066 mm/mm. When we look at the stress at offset yield of the two alloys, it is 694.56 MPa in the oxidised alloy; it was found to be 674.092 MPa in the nonoxidised alloy. According to their compressive test properties, the maximum compressive strength is 2164.32 MPa in the oxidised alloy; in the nonoxidised alloy, it is 1531.52 MPa. While the yield strength is 972.50 MPa in oxidised Titanium Grade 5, it was found to be 934.16 MPa in nonoxidised Titanium Grade 5. When the compressive deformation oxidised alloy is 100.01%, in the nonoxidised alloy, it is 68.50%. According to their tribological properties, the oxidised alloy provided the least weight loss after 10,000 m and had the best wear resistance. This material’s weight loss and wear coefficient at the end of 10,000 m are 0.127 ± 0.0002 g and (63.45 ± 0.15) × 10−8 g/Nm, respectively. The highest weight loss and worst wear resistance have been observed in the nonoxidised alloy. The weight loss and wear coefficients at the end of 10,000 m are 0.140 ± 0.0003 g and (69.75 ± 0.09) × 10−8 g/Nm, respectively. The oxidation process has been shown to improve the tribological properties of Titanium Grade 5 alloy.

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Section: Xrd Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oxidation Process on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Titanium Grade 5 Alloy

Saier,

Esen,

Ahlatci

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…Regulating the proportion and hardness of columnar and equiaxed priorβ-Ti grains by different BN additions and process parameters will be conducive to improving the plasticity of the alloy. Moreover, as important properties of AMed titanium matrix composites [34,35], wear resistance and high temperature properties will also become the main research content for the SLMed Ti64-0.5BN alloy in the future.…”

Section: Compressive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Grain Structure and Mechanical Property of Ti–6Al–4V–0.5BN (wt%) Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

Wang

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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A novel Ti-6Al-4V-0.5BN (wt%) alloy fabricated by selective laser melting exhibited mixed grain structure containing band distributed columnar and equiaxed prior-β-Ti grains. The mixed grain structure, microstructure within prior-β-Ti grains and compressive properties have been characterized and discussed. The band thickness ratio of columnar to equiaxed prior-β-Ti grains was 3:1. The columnar grains were 10 ± 4 μm in width and 53 ± 24 μm in length, the equiaxed grains were 7 ± 4 μm in size. There were nano-to micron-scaled α-Ti/β-Ti laths within prior-β-Ti grains and nano-scaled TiB along prior-β-Ti grain boundaries. The heterogeneous distribution of prior-β-Ti grain boundaries and TiB particles contributed to the hardness difference between the bands of columnar and equiaxed prior-β-Ti grains. BN addition resulted in the mixed grain structure in the SLMed Ti64 alloy, forming a multi-scaled microstructure, which contributed to high compressive yield strength of 1648 MPa. This work provided a new strategy to regulate the microstructure for the additive manufactured Ti alloys.

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“…where P, v, h and d represent laser power, scanning speed, hatch spacing and layer thickness, respectively. On the one hand, the performances of L-PBF processed samples can be adjusted by properly choosing LED; On the other hand, the addition of the reinforcing phase to matrix material is also an important way to improve material performances [15][16][17]. Wang et al [18] improved the corrosion resistance of the L-PBF processed TiN/Ti composites by adding TiN particles to the commercially pure Ti.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti6Al4V matrix composites fabricated by laser powder bed fusion in dilute nitrogen

Zhu

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2022

Materials Science and Technology

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In situ synthesised TiN reinforced Ti6Al4V matrix composites were fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) in an atmosphere of 10vol.-% N2 and 90vol.-% Ar based on novel gas–liquid reaction between N2 and Ti6Al4V melt pool. With lower laser energy density (LED), the microstructures of the composites mainly consisted of acicular α′ martensites, while the martensites were shortened and coarsened with increasing LED. The X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the interstitial solid solution of N was formed in the Ti lattice. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the generation of TiN. The microhardness, yield strength, ultimate strength and plasticity of the composites initially increased and then decreased with increasing LED. The strengthening mechanisms of the composites were elucidated.

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Selective Laser Melting of In Situ TiB/Ti6Al4V Composites: Formability, Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Performance

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Effect of Oxidation Process on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Titanium Grade 5 Alloy

Effect of Oxidation Process on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Titanium Grade 5 Alloy

Mixed Grain Structure and Mechanical Property of Ti–6Al–4V–0.5BN (wt%) Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

Ti6Al4V matrix composites fabricated by laser powder bed fusion in dilute nitrogen

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