Selective localization of carbon nanotubes and its effect on the structure and properties of polymer blends

Qi, Xiao-dong; Yang, Jing‐hui; Zhang, Nan; Huang, Ting; Zhou, Zuowan; Kuehnert, Ines; Pötschke, Petra; Wang, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101471

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 272 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The SEM image of the cross-section of various blends after washing by formic acid and PA 66 phase. 49 This phenomenon was also observed from EDS image. In Figure 2c, N elements are relatively distributed at the all-cross section of the ternary blend, indicating that PA 66 becomes a continuous phase at this time, which is consistent with the SEM results.…”

Section: Phase Morphology Of Composite Fibers and Location Of H-cntssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…These H‐CNTs play the locking effect to prevent the phase development of PA 66 from continuous phase to dispersed phase. On the other hand, from a dynamic point of view, the increase of viscosity after adding H‐CNTs from the third blending order (Figure 3c) also prevent the phase development between PPS phase and PA 66 phase 49 . This phenomenon was also observed from EDS image.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The mean diameter of dispersed phase (PPS) was 0.42 μm under 0.05 wt% H‐CNTs addition. With increasing H‐CNTs addition to 1.0 wt%, the mean diameter of PPS phase decreased to 0.27 μm 49 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effects of carbon nanotubes selective location on the structures and properties of polyphenylene sulfide/polyamide 66 fibers

Zeng

Zhang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carboxyl modified carbon nanotubes (H‐CNTs) are added into 10 wt%‐polyamide 66/90 wt%‐polyphenylene (10‐PA 66/90‐PPS) blending system to improve the compatibility of blends. In order to investigate the effects of H‐CNTs selective location and H‐CNTs addition on the structures, morphologies, and properties of PPS/PA 66 composite fibers, three blending orders among H‐CNTs, PPS, and PA 66 are applied in the blending extrusion of ternary resins. The structures, morphologies, and properties of composite fibers are characterized via scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high‐pressure capillary rheometer, differential scanning calorimeter, tensile test, and dry heat shrinkage test. Experimental results indicate that the migration of H‐CNTs from PPS phase to the interface between PPS and PA 66 results in the increases of the crystallinity of PPS, the tensile strength and the high‐temperature resistance of ternary fibers. When H‐CNTs are blended with PA 66 firstly, the locking effects of H‐CNTs causes a phase‐inversion phenomenon, where major component PPS forms dispersed phase and minor component PA 66 forms continuous phase. Even though this phenomenon weakens the mechanical properties and the high‐temperature resistance of composite fibers, the shrinkage of composite fibers at high temperature is improved.

show abstract

Section: Phase Morphology Of Composite Fibers and Location Of H-cntssupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effects of carbon nanotubes selective location on the structures and properties of polyphenylene sulfide/polyamide 66 fibers

Zeng

Zhang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This can be accomplished by either premixing MWCNTs in the thermodynamically unfavorable phase via a masterbatch, or by making sure that the unfavorable phase has a lower melting temperature [ 4 ]. Several works have shown that the viscosity of the pre-localized phase, as well as the viscosity of the destination phase, have a large impact on the final localization of nanofiller [ 23 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Sun et al used polystyrene (PS)/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) blends containing MWCNTs at varying viscosities of ABS and found that MWCNTs could migrate more easily toward the thermodynamically favored PS phase if the pre-localized ABS phase had a low viscosity, and they were more likely to become trapped in ABS if it had a higher viscosity [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Phase Migration of Carbon Nanotubes in Melt-Mixed PVDF/PE Polymer Blends for High Conductivity and EMI Shielding Applications

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, the effects of blend ratio and mixing time on the migration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) within poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/polyethylene (PE) blends are studied. A novel two-step mixing approach was used to pre-localize MWCNTs within the PE phase, and subsequently allow them to migrate into the thermodynamically favored PVDF phase. Light microscopy images confirm that MWCNTs migrate from PE to PVDF, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show individual MWCNTs migrating fully into PVDF, while agglomerates remained trapped at the PVDF/PE interface. PVDF:PE 50:50 and 20:80 polymer blend nanocomposites with 2vol% MWCNTs exhibit exceptional electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) at 10 min of mixing (13 and 16 dB, respectively-at a thickness of 0.45mm), when compared to 30 s of mixing (11 and 12 dB, respectively), suggesting the formation of more interconnected MWCNT networks over time. TEM images show that these improved microstructures are concentrated on the PE side of the PVDF/PE interface. A modified version of the “Slim-Fast-Mechanism” is proposed to explain the migration behavior of MWCNTs within the PVDF/PE blend. In this theory, MWCNTs approaching perpendicular to the interface penetrate the PVDF/PE interface, while those approaching in parallel or as MWCNT agglomerates remain trapped. Trapped MWCNTs act as barriers to additional MWCNTs, regardless of geometry. This mechanism is verified via TEM and scanning electron microscopy and suggests the feasibility of localizing MWCNTs at the interface of PVDF/PE blends.

show abstract

“…Due to their large aspect ratio (length/diameter ratio; up to 10,000), electrically percolating CNT networks can be generated in different polymer matrices even at very low CNT contents [4,5]. By selective localization of CNTs into suitable phase morphologies of immiscible blends, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties can be specifically adjusted [6]. As immiscible blends with co-continuous structure have been found to be promising candidates as sensor materials for gas sensing applications by using the double percolation concept [7][8][9], microphase separated block copolymer nanostructures similarly can act as a template for selective localization of nanofillers and thus to form a conductive, sensitive network through the polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of CNT Length on Dispersion, Localization, and Electrical Percolation in a Styrene-Butadiene-Based Star Block Copolymer

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study followed the approach of dispersing and localizing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in nanostructured domains of block copolymers (BCPs) by shortening the CNTs via ball milling. The aim was to selectively tune the electrical and mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposites, e.g., for use as sensor materials. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were ground into different size fractions. The MWCNT length distribution was evaluated via transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The nanostructure of the BCPs and the glass transition temperatures of the PB-rich and PS phases were not strongly affected by the addition of CNTs up to 2 wt%. However, AFM and TEM investigations indicated a partial localization of the shortened CNTs in the soft PB-rich phase or at the interface of the PB-rich and PS phase, respectively. The stress-strain behavior of the solution-mixed composites differed little from the mechanical property profile of the neat BCP and was largely independent of CNT amount and CNT size fraction. Significant changes could only be observed for Young’s modulus and strain at break and may be attributed to CNT localization and small changes in morphology. For nanocomposites with unmilled CNTs, the electrical percolation threshold was less than 0.1 wt%. As the CNTs were shortened, the resistivity increased and the percolation threshold shifted to higher CNT contents. Composites with CNTs ground for 7.5 h and 13.5 h showed no bulk conductivity but significantly decreased surface resistivity on the bottom side of the films, which could be attributed to a sedimentation process of the grind and thereby highly compressed CNT agglomerates during evaporation.

show abstract

Selective localization of carbon nanotubes and its effect on the structure and properties of polymer blends

Cited by 75 publications

References 272 publications

The effects of carbon nanotubes selective location on the structures and properties of polyphenylene sulfide/polyamide 66 fibers

The effects of carbon nanotubes selective location on the structures and properties of polyphenylene sulfide/polyamide 66 fibers

The Role of Phase Migration of Carbon Nanotubes in Melt-Mixed PVDF/PE Polymer Blends for High Conductivity and EMI Shielding Applications

Influence of CNT Length on Dispersion, Localization, and Electrical Percolation in a Styrene-Butadiene-Based Star Block Copolymer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About