Selective Manipulation of Ag Nanoclusters on a Passivated Silicon Surface Using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Abstract

Radial density profiles of molybdenum vapour in the centre of the electrode gap of a pseudospark switch have been obtained using one-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence imaging. Owing to the random nature of generation and motion of electron emission sites, which are the predominant metal vapour sources, the vapour density distribution fluctuates strongly from one discharge lo another. However, from the positions of the maxima of the distribution it can be inferred that emission sites occur primarily on the edges of the cathode hole.Although the absolute number density of MO vapour emanating from cathodes containing tantalum carbide increases with the tantalum carbide concentration, no marked differences in shape and temporal development of the density profiles can be identified. NationalBureau ofStandards 476) vol 3 (Washington, DC: NBS) [16] Moore C E 1958 Atomic Energy Levels (Circular of the 1171 Whaling W,'Hannaford P, Lowe R M, Biemont E and Grevesse N 1984 J. Quant. Specrrasc. Radiar. Transfer 32 69-SO 1181 Gellen B. Schade E and Dullni E 1987 IEEE Trans. . " Plasma Sci. 15 545-5 I 1191 Mesvats G A 1971 Proc. 10th Int. Conf on Phenomena in . . Cdnized Gases vol2, invited papers ?Oxford: Donald Parsons) pp 333-57 Clarendon) [ZO] Crank J 1967 The Mathematics of Difusion (Oxford

Field emission induced fabrication of nanostructures on Au thin films using a noncontact mode atomic force microscope

“…The local temperature in the area covered by flow of field emitted electrons from the sharp tip increases as shown in Fig. 5͑a͒ and the Au clusters or atoms can move toward the tip on the surface, 12 and at last the mound structure composed of the migrated clusters or atoms is formed as shown in Fig. 5͑b͒.…”

“…In order to minimize the damage of tip and sample during fabrication, we introduce a noncontact configuration of AFM to locally heat a Au surface by the field-emission current 11 from the sharp and hard W 2 C coated tip, and to manipulate Au atoms or clusters without mass transfer between tip and sample. 12 In the case of thick Au films, one cannot expect effective local heating induced by field emission current because rapid heat dissipation is caused by the high thermal conductivity of Au. In order to overcome this heat dissipation problem, we used thin Au cluster films of 20-30 nm deposited on a Si or glass substrate.…”

Multi-Functional Probe Recording: Field-Induced Recording and Near-Field Optical Readout

“…The local temperature in the area covered by the flow of field-emitted electrons from the sharp tip increases, as shown in Fig. 4(a), and the Au clusters or atoms can move toward the tip on the surface [7]. Finally, the mound structure composed of the migrated clusters or atoms is formed, as shown in Fig.…”

“…In order to minimize damage to both the tip and sample during the recording, we introduce a noncontact AFM configuration. This allows us to locally heat the Au surface using the field-emission current [6] from the sharp and hard W 2 C coated tip and to manipulate the Au atoms or clusters without a mass transfer between the tip and sample [7], [8]. The recorded marks are then optically read out by using NSOM probes with a 100-nm spatial resolution.…”

Nanostructures on oxidized Si surfaces fabricated with the scanning tunneling microscope tip under electron-beam irradiation

“…1,2 The most efficient technique of vertical atom manipulation is based on short voltage pulses that are applied between the sample and the tip when the tip is positioned at a distance of a few angstroms from the sample. 6 It should be noted that each voltage pulse typically initiates the transfer of a rather large group of atoms and provides only a limited probability of producing a certain surface modification. 2,3 This technique was used to create pits and islands 3 and to extract and redeposit individual Si ͑Refs.…”