“…Due to the clear advantages of SPE technology, considerable efforts have been made to find new materials that can be used as a selective sorbents [5,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Several types of nanomaterials, including magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) have unique advantages SPE adsorbents such as favorable chemical stability, low cost, easily retrieved from solution with a magnet.…”