Selective Sampling for Beat Tracking Evaluation

Holzapfel, André; Davies, Matthew E. P.; Zapata, José R.; Oliveira, João Lobato; Gouyon, Fabien

doi:10.1109/tasl.2012.2205244

Cited by 91 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, high agreement among beat trackers does not imply high agreement among human tappers; a significant amount of fragments with a BT-MMA D above the threshold has quite low TAP-MMA D values (lower-right rectangle). This is quite different from the result for Western music presented in Holzapfel et al (2012), where this quadrant was not populated at all, indicating that good beat tracker performance always implied high agreement among human tappers. Inspection of the human annotations related to the fragments in the lower-right quadrant revealed that they are indeed characterized by a large variability for each fragment.…”

Section: Human Annotations Versus Beat Trackerscontrasting

confidence: 96%

“…First, some of the 17 approaches are pure tempo estimators that give only tempo values in bpm, and not beat sequences. Second, in Holzapfel et al (2012) it was shown that this selection increases diversity and accuracy of the included beat sequences, and, third, this selection guarantees comparability with results presented in Holzapfel et al (2012). Comparing beat sequences is not a straightforward task; two sequences should be considered to agree not only in case of a perfect fit, but also in the presence of deviations that result in perceptually equal acceptable beat annotations.…”

Section: Comparison: Measuring Beat Sequence/annotation Agreementmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Recently, a method based on mutual agreement measurements of beat sequences was proposed by Holzapfel et al (2012). This method was applied for the automatic selection of informative examples for beat tracking evaluation.…”

Section: Comparison: Measuring Beat Sequence/annotation Agreementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this task MMA D will be applied, as it was shown in Holzapfel et al (2012) to reliably spot difficult musical fragments. For the fragments, which were judged to be processable by automatic beat tracking, we will apply MMA F , as we can differentiate which types of errors occured for a given fragment.…”

Section: Comparison: Measuring Beat Sequence/annotation Agreementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation and Recommendation of Pulse and Tempo Annotation in Ethnic Music

Cornelis

Six

Holzapfel

et al. 2013

Journal of New Music Research

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Large digital archives of ethnic music require automatic tools to provide musical content descriptions. While various automatic approaches are available, they are to a wide extent developed for Western popular music. This paper aims to analyze how automated tempo estimation approaches perform in the context of Central-African music. To this end we collect human beat annotations for a set of musical fragments, and compare them with automatic beat tracking sequences. We first analyze the tempo estimations derived from annotations and beat tracking results. Then we examine an approach, based on mutual agreement between automatic and human annotations, to automate such analysis, which can serve to detect musical fragments with high tempo ambiguity.

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Section: Human Annotations Versus Beat Trackerscontrasting

confidence: 96%

Section: Comparison: Measuring Beat Sequence/annotation Agreementmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Comparison: Measuring Beat Sequence/annotation Agreementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison: Measuring Beat Sequence/annotation Agreementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation and Recommendation of Pulse and Tempo Annotation in Ethnic Music

Cornelis

Six

Holzapfel

et al. 2013

Journal of New Music Research

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“…The main assumption is that if several algorithms agree on the estimation of a 'melody' pitch, it is more likely that the estimation is correct. Related works also use agreement between algorithms for beat estimation (Holzapfel et al 2012;Zapata, Davies, and Gómez 2014).…”

Section: Proposed Combination Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and combination of pitch estimation methods for melody extraction in symphonic classical music

Bosch

Marxer

2016

Journal of New Music Research

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The extraction of pitch information is arguably one of the most important tasks in automatic music description systems. However, previous research and evaluation datasets dealing with pitch estimation focused on relatively limited kinds of musical data. This work aims to broaden this scope by addressing symphonic western classical music recordings, focusing on pitch estimation for melody extraction. This material is characterised by a high number of overlapping sources, and by the fact that the melody may be played by different instrumental sections, often alternating within an excerpt. We evaluate the performance of eleven state-of-the-art pitch salience functions, multipitch estimation and melody extraction algorithms when determining the sequence of pitches corresponding to the main melody in a varied set of pieces. An important contribution of the present study is the proposed evaluation framework, including the annotation methodology, generated dataset and evaluation metrics. The results show that the assumptions made by certain methods hold better than others when dealing with this type of music signals, leading to a better performance. Additionally, we propose a simple method for combining the output of several algorithms, with promising results.

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Temporal Analysis

2022

An Introduction to Audio Content Analysis

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Selective Sampling for Beat Tracking Evaluation

Cited by 91 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation and Recommendation of Pulse and Tempo Annotation in Ethnic Music

Evaluation and Recommendation of Pulse and Tempo Annotation in Ethnic Music

Evaluation and combination of pitch estimation methods for melody extraction in symphonic classical music

Temporal Analysis

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