Selective separation of99Mo from fission products in chloride media on activated alumina

Elgarhy, Mohammed; Shehata, Mohamed; El-Bayoumy, S.

doi:10.1007/bf02518763

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…When serum albumin was exposed to 123Xe for 6-12 h at liquid nitrogen temperature, 80% of the iodine produced was protein bound.261 Insulin treated with radioxenon and KI03 as a catalyst gave 50% and 80% yields, respectively, of [123I]-and [125I]monoiodoinsulin.262 Deoxyuridine and L-tyrosine were labeled in the same way in the very good yields. 262 An iodinated quinoline derivative labeled with 123I has been prepared in modest yield by recoil labeling. 263 The reactions of radioactive recoil atoms with aromatic compounds have been reviewed recently.…”

Section: B Recoil Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioiodination techniques for small organic molecules

Seevers¹,

Counsell²

1982

Chem. Rev.

279

147

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Section: B Recoil Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioiodination techniques for small organic molecules

Seevers¹,

Counsell²

1982

Chem. Rev.

279

147

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“…Therefore, excitation labelling seems to be more promising with respect to the preparation of inorganic halogenation reagents. The latter has already been demonstrated for the decay of 123 ' 12S Xe [5,6] and recently for 76,77 Kr [41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Both high radiochemical yields and the understanding of the general reaction features are needed when this nuclear decay technique is to be used for the so-called "excitation labelling" [4][5][6]. Benzenoic substrates are of special interest, since they form relatively stable halogen compounds and react easily with electrophilic species formed as primary ions by the decay of neutron-deficient noble gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay-Induced Bromination via the ⁷⁶Kr (EC)⁷⁶Br and the ⁷⁷Kr (β⁺, EC)⁷⁷Br Decay

1983

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7 6 ' 7 7 Kr- 77 Br) was found in the liquid phase. Small electrophilic selectivity effects depending on the electronic property of the substituent are observed in the isomeric distributions. Accordingly, the Hammett correlation between the relative Η-substitution rates and BROWN's o + substituent constants exhibits a small reaction constant (p + = -0.45), pointing to very reactive electrophilic brominating species. The substituent replacement yields are very small 0.1 -0.5%) for polyatomic groups but range from 2 to 12% for halogen substituents. The bromine-for-halogen replacement yields increase linearly with the carbon-halogen bond strength. Comparison with recoil chlorination and decay-induced iodination and astatination seems to indicate that aromatic bromination via the 76 ' 77 Kr decay proceeds in the liquid phase by bromine atoms, probably in excited states.

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“…Another technique involves the formation of a reactive intermediate by allowing the xenon-123 to decay in the presence of KI0 3 [28]. Both of these species will give radiochemical yields of up to 90% [2].…”

Section: Production Of Bromine Radionuclidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radionuclides of Bromine for Use in Biomedical Studies

Welch

McElvany

1983

Radiochimica Acta

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Bromine-74, bromine-75, bromine-76, and bromine-77 are all radionuclides that have been suggested as useful in nuclear medicine. The reactions to produce these nuclides are discussed and methods of labeling compound evaluated. These methods include chemical, enzymatic and recoil labeling techniques.There are several radionuclides of bromine that have been used or have been suggested for use in biomedical studies; these nuclides include bromine-74, bromine-75, bromine-76, and bromine-77. Although bromine radionuclides have been used for the measurement of extracellular fluid volume [1], it is only in recent years that bromine radionuclides have been attached to complex molecules [2]. Over the past eight years many molecules, including proteins, steroids, fatty acids, and neuroleptics, have been labeled with bromine-75 or bromine-77. Bromine-75 has a 95.5 minute half-life and decays 75.5% by positron emission and thus can be used in conjunction with positron emission tomography; bromine-77 has a 57 hour halflife and decays with the emission of gamma rays of 242, 300, 520, and 580 keV. In spite of the complex decay scheme of bromine-77, phantom studies have shown that reasonable resolution can be achieved using a scintillation camera fitted with a high energy pinhole collimator [3]. Production of bromine radionuclidesThe bromine radionuclides of medical interest can be produced by either direct or indirect methods. The indirect method of production involves the initial preparation and separation of the corresponding krypton precursor nuclide. Indirect methods of production have the advantages of (1) producing a radiochemically pure product; and (2) providing the opportunity to carry out excitation labeling (vide infra).Bromine-75 can be produced directly by the 76 Se(p,2n) 7S Br, 76 Se(d,3n) 75 Br, 75 As( 3 He,3n) 7S Br, 75 As(a,4n) 7s Br or 78 Kr(p,a) 7S Br nuclear reactions. PAANS et al. [4] have investigated the first four reactions and have shown that 7S Br of 98.6% radiochemical purity can be obtained at a rate of 118 mCi^amp hour with the 76 Se (ρ, 2n) 75 Br reaction using selenium-76 enriched to 92.4% and with the protons being degraded from 28 to 22 MeV in the target. BLESSING et al. [5] have investigated the 75 As( 3 He, 3n) 75 Br reaction in detail and use a Cu 3 As alloy as the target material. This target, which contains -30% arsenic, can withstand very high cyclotron beam currents and the radiobromine can be isolated by dry distillation; 7S Br yields up to 90 mCi have been obtained with a two hour irradiation. FRIEDMAN [6] has used the 78 Kr(p,a) 7S Br reaction to produce high purity bromine-75. The enriched krypton is irradiated in a target fitted with a removable krypton reservoir [7]; after bombardment the krypton is removed from the chamber by freezing and the bromine-75 is removed by washing the chamber.The indirect production of bromine-75 using the 79,81 Br(d,xn) 75 Kr ->• 75 Br reaction has been investigated using deuteron energies of 90 MeV [8]. Since the levels of impurities are similar to th...

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Selective separation of99Mo from fission products in chloride media on activated alumina

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Radioiodination techniques for small organic molecules

Radioiodination techniques for small organic molecules

Decay-Induced Bromination via the ⁷⁶Kr (EC)⁷⁶Br and the ⁷⁷Kr (β⁺, EC)⁷⁷Br Decay

Radionuclides of Bromine for Use in Biomedical Studies

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Selective separation of99Mo from fission products in chloride media on activated alumina

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Radioiodination techniques for small organic molecules

Radioiodination techniques for small organic molecules

Decay-Induced Bromination via the 76Kr (EC)76Br and the 77Kr (β+, EC)77Br Decay

Radionuclides of Bromine for Use in Biomedical Studies

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Decay-Induced Bromination via the ⁷⁶Kr (EC)⁷⁶Br and the ⁷⁷Kr (β⁺, EC)⁷⁷Br Decay