Selective Solid-Phase Extraction of Sudan I in Chilli Sauce by Single-Hole Hollow Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

Abstract

A new single-hole hollow molecularly imprinted polymer (SHH-MIP) was prepared by multistep seed swelling polymerization using Sudan I as template molecule and successfully applied to selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) of Sudan dyes in chilli sauce samples. The polymers possessed high specific surface area obtained by nitrogen adsorption and good thermal stability without decomposition lower than 380°C by thermogravimetry analysis. Much higher binding capacity was exhibited than with irregular solid MIP prepared by bulk polymerization, because most of the binding sites were located in the surface of the polymers, facilitating template removal and mass transfer. Accordingly, the SHH-MIP was employed as SPE adsorbent for chilli sauce analysis and offered high recoveries for Sudan I in the range of 87.5−103.4% with the precision of 1.94−5.33% at three spiked levels. The SHH-MIP with high selectivity and high stability was demonstrated to be potentially applicable for high selective preconcentration and determination of trace Sudan dyes in complicated samples.

Multi-template imprinted polymers for simultaneous selective solid-phase extraction of six phenolic compounds in water samples followed by determination using capillary electrophoresis

“…The thermal stability of PPMIPs was tested by TGA, which measured the weight change of polymers by programmed temperature/time profile [27]. As shown in Fig.…”

Molecular imprinting: perspectives and applications

“…110 Chen et al prepared hollow porous MIPs by swelling polymerization, which were used for selective and specific recognition of triazines 111 and Sudan I. 112 The obtained hollow porous MIPs displayed excellent characteristics, such as higher binding capacity and faster mass transfer owing to the hollow core with hole(s) in the shell, compared to those of core-shell structures. The same group also prepared another hollow MIP based on surface imprinted hollow vinylSiO 2 particles and applied it for the selective recognition and adsorption of estradiol.…”

Synthesis of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer strategy and its application in the Sudan dyes residue analysis

“…They are categorized as class III carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) [22] and are also considered as genotoxic carcinogen and mutagen for humans [23]. Therefore, their presence is prohibited in foods for any purpose at any level, according to both the Food Standards Agency and European Union [24,25]. Unfortunately, they are still illegally used as food additives to enhance the appearance of natural red hues [26,27].…”