Selective Spectrofluorimetric Approach for the Assessment of Two Antipsychotic Drugs through Derivatization with O-Phthalaldehyde

Abstract

A facile and sensible spectrofluorimetric approach for the measurement of two antipsychotic medications, aripiperazole (ARP) and clozapine (CLZ), was devised and validated. The approach involves reacting the examined medicines with o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of β-mercaptoethanol in a borate buffer of pH 9.0 and pH 10 for ARP and CLZ, respectively, to produce a robustly fluorescent compound that is detected at 450 nm following excitation at 340 nm. The experimental variables influencing the performance and product stability were thoroughly investigated and optimized. Under optimal conditions, the intensity of the fluorescence was linear during a concentration range of 0.1–0.5 μg/mL, with a limit of detection (0.0391 and 0.0400 μg/mL) and limit of quantitation (0.1035 and 0.1332 μg/mL), respectively, for ARP and CLZ. The suggested approach was successful in analyzing commercialized tablets. A statistical investigation of the results produced by the suggested and standard methods showed no remarkable variation in the precision and accuracy of the two approaches. A chemical mechanism using o-phthalaldehyde was proposed.

Polymer-Based Terbium Complex as a Fluorescent Probe for Cancer Antigen 125 Detection: A Promising Tool for Early Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

“…The ELISA has other restrictions such as prozone effect, analytical noise, and limits of detection and quantitation. Moreover, ELISAs are expensive and demand sophisticated and complex instruments. − The newer techniques like Raman spectroscopy, − mass spectrometry, , and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy , offer enhanced sensitivity and specificity, but their complexity, cost, and operational demands hinder wider clinical application. − On the other hand, a spectrofluorimetric technique in general offers some merits including simplicity, sensitivity, and reliability due to its superior analytical performance Thus, a spectrofluorimetric technique provides both cost-effective and easy-to-implement analytical methods that could be amended to be used in different clinical applications providing accurate results. , Coupling spectrofluorimetric techniques with nanotechnology offers a powerful approach for various applications. , Furthermore, coupling nanotechnology and smart nanomaterials with spectrofluorimetric methods allowed the fabrication of different optical sensors that permitted the direct probing of trace analytes and diagnostic biomarkers. The nanooptical biosensors enhanced the sensitivity of spectrofluorimetric methods via reducing detection and quantitation limits and improving trace analysis even in small sample sizes.…”

“… 34 − 36 On the other hand, a spectrofluorimetric technique in general offers some merits including simplicity, sensitivity, and reliability due to its superior analytical performance 37 Thus, a spectrofluorimetric technique provides both cost-effective and easy-to-implement analytical methods that could be amended to be used in different clinical applications providing accurate results. 38 , 39 Coupling spectrofluorimetric techniques with nanotechnology offers a powerful approach for various applications. 40 , 41 Furthermore, coupling nanotechnology and smart nanomaterials with spectrofluorimetric methods allowed the fabrication of different optical sensors that permitted the direct probing of trace analytes and diagnostic biomarkers.…”

Spectrofluorometric quantitative analysis of aripiprazole based on quenching of natural derived carbon quantum dots in spiked human plasma

“…Another technique, which utilizes an indirect spectrofluorimetric approach, has been documented in literature. This technique involves the reaction of ARP with o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of 6-mercaptoethanol in a borate buffer of pH 9.0 or pH 10 47 . However, the sensitivity of this method is inadequate for detecting the drug in biological samples.…”