Selective Visual and Auditory Attention Toward Utterances—A PET Study

Kawashima, Ryuta; Imaizumi, Satoshi; Mori, Koichi; Okada, Ken; Goto, Ryoi; Kiritani, Shigeru; Ogawa, Akira; Fukuda, Hiroshi

doi:10.1006/nimg.1999.0452

Cited by 54 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…9B), selective attention seems to mainly operate by reducing the neural encoding of the irrelevant sounds (21 Hz SSR in the AS29 condition; and transient responses to 29 Hz stream onset and 29 Hz SSR in the AS21 condition) from 150 ms after stimulus onset. This reduction of irrelevant information processing is consistent with previous electrophysiological (Alho et al, 1987(Alho et al, , 1994Donald, 1987;Michie et al, 1990Michie et al, , 1993Alain and Woods, 1994), PET (Ghatan et al, 1998;Kawashima et al, 1999) and lesion (Knight et al, 1989) studies on auditory selective attention. As shown previ-ously (Donald, 1987;Michie et al, 1990Michie et al, , 1993, this reduction occurred later in the sensory processing chain than the attentional enhancement.…”

Section: Attentional Effects On Relevant and Irrelevant Sound Represesupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Selective Attention on the Electrophysiological Representation of Concurrent Sounds in the Human Auditory Cortex

Bidet-Caulet

Fischer²,

Besle³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

204

173

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In noisy environments, we use auditory selective attention to actively ignore distracting sounds and select relevant information, as during a cocktail party to follow one particular conversation. The present electrophysiological study aims at deciphering the spatiotemporal organization of the effect of selective attention on the representation of concurrent sounds in the human auditory cortex. Sound onset asynchrony was manipulated to induce the segregation of two concurrent auditory streams. Each stream consisted of amplitude modulated tones at different carrier and modulation frequencies. Electrophysiological recordings were performed in epileptic patients with pharmacologically resistant partial epilepsy, implanted with depth electrodes in the temporal cortex. Patients were presented with the stimuli while they either performed an auditory distracting task or actively selected one of the two concurrent streams. Selective attention was found to affect steady-state responses in the primary auditory cortex, and transient and sustained evoked responses in secondary auditory areas. The results provide new insights on the neural mechanisms of auditory selective attention: stream selection during sound rivalry would be facilitated not only by enhancing the neural representation of relevant sounds, but also by reducing the representation of irrelevant information in the auditory cortex. Finally, they suggest a specialization of the left hemisphere in the attentional selection of fine-grained acoustic information.

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Section: Attentional Effects On Relevant and Irrelevant Sound Represesupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Selective Attention on the Electrophysiological Representation of Concurrent Sounds in the Human Auditory Cortex

Bidet-Caulet

Fischer²,

Besle³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

204

173

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“…Notably, haloperidol reduces glucose metabolism in the prefrontal and anterior cingulate (Barlett et al 1994). A recent PET study, using a dichotic-listening task resembling the present experimental setting, showed the same brain regions are activated by auditory selective attention (Kawashima et al 1999). The present result of decreased PN could, thus, reflect haloperidol-induced impairment of regions that implicated in selective attention.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Effects of Haloperidol on Selective Attention A Combined Whole-Head MEG and High-Resolution EEG Study

Kähkönen

2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

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We used 122-channel magnetoencephalography (MEG) and 64-channel electroencephalogrphy (EEG) simultaneously to study the effects of dopaminergic transmission on human selective attention in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design. A single dose of dopamine D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol (2 mg) or placebo was given orally to 12 righthanded healthy volunteers 3 hours before measurement. In a dichotic selective attention task, subjects were presented with two trains of standard (700 Hz to the left ear, 1,100Hz to the right ear) and deviant (770 and 1,210 Hz, respectively) Selective attention refers to the ability to attend to relevant information simultaneously ignoring irrelevant information (Posner and Boies 1971). The neural basis of selective attention can be noninvasively studied with high temporal resolution using event-related potentials (ERP) and magnetic fields (ERF), which are electroencephalogram (EEG) or magnetoencephalogram (MEG) changes time-locked to the presentation of external stimuli (Hari and Lounasmaa 1989;Näätänen et al. 1992 (Näätänen 1992). MEG studies of selective attention have, in turn, indicated that the amplitude of the N1m, elicited at about 100 ms poststimulus, is increased by selective attention, but the PN seems to be less visible for the MEG than EEG (Fujiwara et al. 1998). The mismatch negativity (MMN), or magnetic counterpart MMNm, is a pre-attentive ERP/ERF component elicited by any change in a sequence of frequent standard tones reflecting automatic detection and orientation to sudden environmental changes (Alho 1995;Näätänen 1992;Näätänen et al. 1978;Tiitinen et al. 1994).Only a few studies have been devoted to drug effects on selective attention indexing by the PN. The NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine, alcohol, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) have been shown to reduce PN (Smolnik et al. 1999;Hirvonen et al. 2000;Oranje et al. 2000). Opposite effects were observed after the administration of the antagonist of GABA receptors flumatzenil and cholecystokinin analog ceruletide (Schreiber et al. 1995;Smolnik et al. 1998). Anesthetic gas nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and adrenergic alpha 2-antagonist atipamezole had no effects on the PN (Mervaala et al. 1993;Pang and Fowler 1999). Shelley et al. (1997) studied effects of another adrenergic alpha 2-receptor agonist clonidine and dopamine D2 receptor antagonist droperidol on ERP indices of selective attention. They found that clonidine increased and droperidol decreased the PN.Haloperidol is a potent, partially selective dopamine D 2 receptor antagonist, which is widely used to treat psychotic disorders in clinical practice. Haloperidol affects spontaneous EEG activity, increasing slow waves and decreasing alpha and beta activity in healthy humans (McClelland et al. 1990). There is also evidence that haloperdiol decreases the transient 40 Hz response elicited by selectively attended tones (Ahveninen et al. 2000).Our study was designed to investigate with simultaneous MEG and EEG recordings whether haloperi...

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“…A second, more likely explanation is that when a particular sensory cortex is continuously and exclusively activated during a whole block while the other nonmatching cortices are not activated, the attentional resources are dedicated to the relevant modality (even in passive or little attentiondemanding tasks) whereas the other modalities are more or less voluntarily ignored (deactivated) to optimize the processing in the relevant sensory cortex (see also Ghatan et al, 1998;Kawashima et al, 1999, for similar attentional effects). In studies of multisensory integration, the [AV-(A+V)] model should therefore not be used in experiments based on block-designed paradigms, since these unimodal deactivations would be subtracted from the bimodal activations, resulting in artificial increases of the "crossmodal" effects.…”

Section: Potential Biases and Artifacts Generated By The Additive Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interest and validity of the additive model in electrophysiological studies of multisensory interactions

2004

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Selective Visual and Auditory Attention Toward Utterances—A PET Study

Cited by 54 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of Selective Attention on the Electrophysiological Representation of Concurrent Sounds in the Human Auditory Cortex

Effects of Selective Attention on the Electrophysiological Representation of Concurrent Sounds in the Human Auditory Cortex

Effects of Haloperidol on Selective Attention A Combined Whole-Head MEG and High-Resolution EEG Study

Interest and validity of the additive model in electrophysiological studies of multisensory interactions

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