2011
DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100145
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Selektive Reduktion von Carbonsäurederivaten durch katalytische Hydrosilylierung

Abstract: Im letzten Jahrzehnt wurde eine Reihe nützlicher katalytischer Reduktionen von Carbonsäurederivaten mit Hydrosilanen entwickelt. Mit der richtigen Kombination von Silan und Katalysator sind dabei Chemoselektivitäten möglich, die mit herkömmlichen metallorganischen Hydriden oder Hydrierungskatalysatoren nicht erreicht werden können. Zum Beispiel können Amide und Ester in der Gegenwart von Ketonen oder sogar Aldehyden selektiv reduziert werden. Wir glauben, dass katalytische Hydrosilylierungen künftig häufiger i… Show more

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Cited by 108 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…[1] Among them, reduction of carboxamides, commonly mediated by metal hydrides,i so ne of the most frequently used processes that potentially delivers three possible products:a ldehydes,a lcohols,a nd amines (Scheme 1A). [2,3] Aldehydes are synthesized when the tetrahedral anionic carbinol amine intermediates I,f ormed by the first hydride transfer, are kept intact prior to the aqueous quench. In contrast, alcohols or amines could be formed when I fragments through either CÀNo rC ÀOb ond scission, respectively,a nd the resulting aldehydes or imine/iminium intermediates are reduced by the second hydride.Atpresent, the state-of-the-art approaches for reduction of amides to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation by well-defined pincer complexes,b ased on Ru, Fe,a nd Mn, under ah ighly pressurized H 2 atmosphere, [4] whereas those for the production of amines are facilitated by either hydrosilylation [5] with various metals [6] or organoboranes [7] as catalysts or electrophilic activation of amides with triflic anhydride.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[1] Among them, reduction of carboxamides, commonly mediated by metal hydrides,i so ne of the most frequently used processes that potentially delivers three possible products:a ldehydes,a lcohols,a nd amines (Scheme 1A). [2,3] Aldehydes are synthesized when the tetrahedral anionic carbinol amine intermediates I,f ormed by the first hydride transfer, are kept intact prior to the aqueous quench. In contrast, alcohols or amines could be formed when I fragments through either CÀNo rC ÀOb ond scission, respectively,a nd the resulting aldehydes or imine/iminium intermediates are reduced by the second hydride.Atpresent, the state-of-the-art approaches for reduction of amides to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation by well-defined pincer complexes,b ased on Ru, Fe,a nd Mn, under ah ighly pressurized H 2 atmosphere, [4] whereas those for the production of amines are facilitated by either hydrosilylation [5] with various metals [6] or organoboranes [7] as catalysts or electrophilic activation of amides with triflic anhydride.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[5] Catalytic hydrosilylationi sa na ttractivea lternative to hydrogenationf or am ilda nd selective ester reduction. [6] Various transition-metal catalysts ystemsw ith Ti, [7] Rh, [8] Ru, [9] Mo, [10] Zn, [11] Mn, [12] and Fe [13] metals have been reportedf or ester hydrosilylations. [14] Nevertheless, most of the protocols require either expensive reducing agentso rh igh reactiont emperatures.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[1,2] However,t he reduction of amides to amines is among the most difficult reductions of carboxylic acid derivatives because amides are the least reactive motifs.L aboratory-scale amide reductions are commonly performed using stoichiometric amounts of metal hydrides such as LiAlH 4 ,N aBH 4 ,a nd iBu 2 AlH. [5] Despite the wide applicability for functionalized amides,the use of silane reagents inevitably causes low atom efficiency. Alternatively, catalytic reduction of amides by hydrosilylation has been developed.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Alternatively, catalytic reduction of amides by hydrosilylation has been developed. [5] Despite the wide applicability for functionalized amides,the use of silane reagents inevitably causes low atom efficiency.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%