Selenium and Diabetes in the Tropics

Yadav, Shailesh Kumar; Day, J.P.; Mohan, V.; Snehalatha, Chamukuttan; Braganza, J. M.

doi:10.1097/00006676-199109000-00005

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…A predisposition to oxidant stress, as suggested by this finding, explains the previous observation that the concentration and output of lactoferrin in duodenal aspirates from children at Kerala were as high as in patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis from Marseilles in France [85]. In the studies at Madras, serum selenium concentrations were far higher than noted in Sowetan controls, being as high as in controls at Manchester [86], but urinary inorganic sulphate levels were very similar in the three cohorts. The last finding undermines the proposed hydrogen cyanide connection, because sulphur amino acids hold the key to cyanide detoxification by producing thiocyanates.…”

Section: Xenobiotic Stress and Tropical Chronic Pancreatitissupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Detailed social histories in 79 consecutive patients then identified regular close exposure to volatile petrochemical products, principally kerosene fumes in lamps and cookers, and also smoke constituents from burning firewood [92]. These exposures were accompanied by, and would account for, reduced concentrations of micronutrient antioxidants [93]. However, in contrast to data from Soweto [70] and Manchester [80], selenium levels were relatively preserved in the patients at Madras [93].…”

Section: Xenobiotic Stress and Tropical Chronic Pancreatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pancreatitis in Soweto, South Africa

Segal

1998

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Both acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis now appear to be endemic at Soweto, South Africa, and they carry a substantial toll in terms of morbidity and mortality. Case-control studies identified the same three environmental factors in each disease, namely, heavy alcohol consumption, marked exposure to occupational chemicals and low intake of fruit (a major source of vitamin C). This congruity, and parallel trends on blood biochemical analysis indicating heightened free radical activity coupled with poor antioxidant status, suggest that the two diseases may be part of a pathobiological spectrum that is linked by pancreatic oxidant stress. Further, asymptomatic chronic alcoholics had plasma glutathione concentrations that were midway between the values in non-alcoholic controls and patients with chronic pancreatitis, being significantly different from each. And, finally, apparently healthy Sowetans were actually in a state of oxidant stress that was tied in with their very poor vitamin C status, and lower serum selenium concentrations than in the UK. These data, and evidence that both antioxidants mitigate against alcoholic toxicity in experimental studies, may offer scope for disease prophylaxis in this unprivileged community.

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Section: Xenobiotic Stress and Tropical Chronic Pancreatitissupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Xenobiotic Stress and Tropical Chronic Pancreatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatitis in Soweto, South Africa

Segal

1998

Digestion

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“…The prevalence of lower plasma concentrations of these vitamins and trace elements in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) has been reported (Yadav et al, 1991;Quilliot et al, 2001). Because of a heightened oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in CP (Steinberg and Witztum, 1990), accelerated atherosclerosis (Schoenberg et al, 1995;Sweiry and Mann, 1996) could be one of a number of complications associated with this condition (Quilliot et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid deficiency in chronic pancreatitis: the effect of an increase in tomato consumption

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Carotenoids are potentially malabsorbed in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). The aims of this study were: (1) to determine the prevalence of low levels of each of the major carotenoids in subjects with CP; (2) to compare carotenoids in CP subjects with or without vascular disease and (3) to test the effect of an increase in dietary lycopene intake in patients with low plasma lycopene concentration. Subjects/Methods: Simultaneous determination of carotenoids was done in 80 patients with CP and 20 healthy subjects, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Of the CP patients who had low lycopene concentration, 22 (o120 mg/l) had to consume daily 40 g tomato paste (approximately 24 mg lycopene). Results: Of these patients, 84.7% had at least one carotenoid deficiency and 27.5% had more than four carotenoid deficiencies. Low plasma concentrations in b-carotene and lycopene were correlated, in CP group, with a low body mass index (BMI), a low low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration, alcohol consumption and current smoking status, whereas low plasma concentration in b-cryptoxanthine was correlated with a low BMI, a low LDL cholesterol concentration and alcohol consumption. Lycopene concentration was decreased in patients with vascular disease (171 ± 197 vs 99 ± 72 mg/l; P ¼ 0.02). After an intervention period of 8±2 months, lycopene concentration increased from 67.5±30 to 121.8±102 mg/l (P ¼ 0.025). Conclusion: Carotenoid concentrations are dramatically decreased in CP, especially lycopene in CP patients with vascular disease. Despite malabsorption, it is possible to increase lycopene plasma concentration by increasing heated tomato consumption.

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“…Lower concentrations of selenium have been noted in serum / plasma of groups with chronic pancreatitis compared to control groups in diverse geographic areas (5,31,106,116,138,163,164,175), with subnormal GSH peroxidase activity when selenium level is very low (163). At Manchester the lowest selenium values accompanied painful disease, and levels fell progressively over four days upon repeated exposure to CYP substrates used for drug kinetic studies (31).…”

Section: Towards Treatment Clues For a Prescriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At Manchester the lowest selenium values accompanied painful disease, and levels fell progressively over four days upon repeated exposure to CYP substrates used for drug kinetic studies (31). There is debate as to whether (116), or not (173,175), malabsorption contributes to the decrease. However, treatment with pancreatic extracts is expected to augment the intake of selenium, zinc, magnesium and methionine, because the gland is a repository of these: the metals should survive the purification procedure and sulphur amino acids might, whereas the vitamins could be lost.…”

Section: Towards Treatment Clues For a Prescriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrient ('Antioxidant') Therapy for Chronic Pancreatitis: Basis and Clinical Experience

Braganza

The Pancreapedia: Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base

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Selenium and Diabetes in the Tropics

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Pancreatitis in Soweto, South Africa

Pancreatitis in Soweto, South Africa

Carotenoid deficiency in chronic pancreatitis: the effect of an increase in tomato consumption

Micronutrient ('Antioxidant') Therapy for Chronic Pancreatitis: Basis and Clinical Experience

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