Selenium and the genesis of murine mammary tumors

Welsch, Clifford W.; Goodrich-Smith, Margaret; Brown, Carolyn K.; Greene, Harriet D.; Hamel, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.1093/carcin/2.6.519

Cited by 42 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The mean prefollow up serum selenium concentration of the subjects who died of cancer during follow up was 53-7 (SE 18) /Lg/l and that of the controls 60 9 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) i.g/l. This difference (of 120h) was statistically significant (Wilcoxon Z = -243; p = 0015; table I).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Risk of cancer in relation to serum concentrations of selenium and vitamins A and E: matched case-control analysis of prospective data.

Salonen¹,

Salonen²,

Lappeteläinen³

et al. 1985

BMJ

281

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The independent and joint associations of serum selenium and vitamin A (retinol) and E (a tocopherol) concentrations with the risk of death from cancer were studied in 51 case-control pairs-that is, 51 patients with cancer, each paired with a control matched for age, sex, and smoking. Case-control pairs came from a random sample of some 12 000 people aged 30-64 years resident in two provinces of eastern Finland who were followed up for four years. Patients who died of cancer during the follow up period had a 12% lower mean serum selenium concentration (p-0-015) than the controls. The difference persisted when deaths from cancer in the first follow up year were excluded. The adjusted risk of fatal cancer was 5-8-fold (95% confidence interval 1-2-29-0) among subjects in the lowest tertile of selenium concentrations compared with those with higher values. Subjects with both low selenium and low a tocopherol concentrations in serum had an 11 4-fold adjusted risk. Among smoking men with cancer serum retinol concentrations were 26% lower than in smoking controls (p=0 002).These data suggest that dietary selenium deficiency is

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Risk of cancer in relation to serum concentrations of selenium and vitamins A and E: matched case-control analysis of prospective data.

Salonen¹,

Salonen²,

Lappeteläinen³

et al. 1985

BMJ

281

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“…Experimentally, enhancement of mammary tumorigenesis by dietary Se deficiency in rats with a high intake of polyunsaturated fat has been observed [56]. Conversely, a significantly reduced incidence of spontaneous mammary tumors was observed in MMTV-infected mice maintained on an adequately Sesupplemented feed modeled after the traditional Japanese human diet [57]. The presence in fats of substances with estrogenic activity and xenobiotics such as dioxin must also be considered; estrogens counteract the cancer-protecting effects of Se [58], whereas Se protects against dioxin toxicity [59].…”

Section: Diet Selenium and Cancer Linksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticarcinogenic effects of selenium

Schrauzer¹

2000

CMLS, Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

229

135

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Selenium (Se) exerts its anticarcinogenic effects by multiple mechanisms. In the physiological dosage range, Se appears to function as an antimutagenic agent, preventing the malignant transformation of normal cells and the activation of oncogenes. These protective effects of Se seem to be primarily associated with its presence in the glutathione peroxidases, which are known to protect DNA and other cellular components from damage by oxygen radicals. Selenoenzymes are also known to play roles in carcinogen metabolism, in the control of cell division, oxygen metabolism, detoxification processes, apoptosis induction and the functioning of the immune system. Other modes of action, either direct or indirect, may also be operative, such as the partial retransformation of tumor cells and the inactivation of oncogenes. However, the effects of Se in the physiological dosage range are not attributable to cytotoxicity, allowing Se to be defined as a genuine nutritional cancer-protecting agent. The anticarcinogenic effects of Se are counteracted by Se-antagonistic compounds and elements. For maximal utilization of its cancer-protective potential, Se supplementation should start early in life and be maintained over the entire lifespan. In addition, exposure to Se antagonists and carcinogenic risk factors should be minimized by appropriate dietary and lifestyle changes.

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“…The breast cancer models that have been shown to be C. IP responsive to selenium chemoprevention include both virusand chemical carcinogen-induced mammary tumors (8,9,12,18,21,22,26,27,32,33,35,36). Since selenium is effective in suppressing mammary neoplastic development induced by both methylnitrosourea and dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, it is unlikely that the primary action of selenium is exerted via changes in carcinogen metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticarcinogenic effect of selenium in the dimethylbenz(a)anthracene‐induced mammary tumor model in rats

Ip¹

1984

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Using the dimethylbenz(a)anthracene‐induced mammary tumor model in rats, our studies indicated that there was a dose‐response relationship between dietary selenium supplementation and the inhibition of mammary carcinogenesis. The degree of inhibition was proportional to the level of dietary selenium up to 5 ppm, at which point toxicity in the form of a reduction in weight gain was evident. Moreover, it was observed that the chemopreventive efficacy of selenium was influenced by the dose of carcinogen as well as the fat intake of the animals. By supplementing selenium for defined periods of time, we concluded that selenium inhibited both the initiation and the promotion phases of chemical carcinogenesis, and that a continuous intake of selenium was necessary to achieve maximal suppression of tumor growth. In an attempt to improve the efficacy of lower levels of selenium, we conducted another series of experiments in which selenium and vitamin E were tested in combination. Results showed that although vitamin E alone had no prophylactic effect against tumorigenesis, it potentiated the ability of selenium to inhibit the development of mammary tumors. Further investigation suggested that the anticarcinogenic action of selenium could not be explained by its antioxidant function in lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, vitamin E might be able to provide a more favorable environment against oxidant stress to assist selenium in exerting its inhibitory effect through some other mechanisms.

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Selenium and the genesis of murine mammary tumors

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Risk of cancer in relation to serum concentrations of selenium and vitamins A and E: matched case-control analysis of prospective data.

Risk of cancer in relation to serum concentrations of selenium and vitamins A and E: matched case-control analysis of prospective data.

Anticarcinogenic effects of selenium

Anticarcinogenic effect of selenium in the dimethylbenz(a)anthracene‐induced mammary tumor model in rats

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