Selenium and thyroid diseases

Wang, Fei; Li, Chunyu; Li, Shaoxin; Zhao, Jianlong; Liao, Lin

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1133000

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…The effect of selenium may be mediated, at least in part, through inflammatory pathways. Thus, selenium supplementation seems to upregulate activated T cells ( 44 ) and to inhibit the release of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 2, interferon gamma (IFNγ), and tumor necrosis factor ( 2 , 45 ). A recent study found that 100 μg daily selenium supplementation in 29 women with AIT reduced IFNγ and increased interleukin 1β concentrations ( 46 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium supplementation and placebo are equally effective in improving quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism

Bøgelund Larsen,

Winther,

Cramon

et al. 2024

European Thyroid Journal

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Purpose: We investigated whether selenium supplementation improves quality-of-life (QoL) in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (ID:NCT02013479). Methods: We included 412 patients ≥18 years with serum thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) level ≥100 IU/mL in a multicentre double-blinded randomised clinical trial. The patients were allocated 1:1 to daily supplementation with either 200 μg selenium as selenium-enriched yeast or matching placebo tablets for 12 months, as add-on to levothyroxine (LT4) treatment. QoL, assessed by the Thyroid-related Patient-Reported-Outcome questionnaire (ThyPRO-39), was measured at baseline, after six weeks, three, six, 12, and 18 months. Results: In total, 332 patients (81%) completed the intervention period, of whom 82% were women. Although QoL improved during the trial, no difference in any of the ThyPRO-39 scales was found between the selenium group and the placebo group after 12 months of intervention. In addition, employing linear mixed model regression no difference between the two groups was observed in the ThyPRO-39 composite score (28.8 [95%CI:24.5-33.6] and 28.0 [24.5-33.1], respectively; P=0.602). Stratifying the patients according to duration of the disease at inclusion, ThyPRO-39 composite score, TPOAb level, or selenium status at baseline did not significantly change the results. TPOAb levels after 12 months of intervention were lower in the selenium group than in the placebo group (1995 [95%CI:1512-2512] vs. 2344 kIU/L [1862-2951]; P=0.016) but did not influence LT4 dosage or free triiodothyronine/free thyroxin ratio. Conclusion: In hypothyroid patients on LT4 therapy due to autoimmune thyroiditis, daily supplementation with 200 μg selenium or placebo for 12 months improved QoL to the same extent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium supplementation and placebo are equally effective in improving quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism

Bøgelund Larsen,

Winther,

Cramon

et al. 2024

European Thyroid Journal

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“…Some scholars have reported that iodine, selenium, iron, and sex hormones all contribute to the risk of thyroid disease. Wang has indicated that a de ciency in selenium is a risk factor for various thyroid diseases [17]. Environmental factors also signi cantly contribute to autoimmune thyroid disease, with associations found between GD and smoking, excess iodine, selenium and vitamin D de ciencies, and occupational exposure to Agent Orange.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Correlation Between Varied Serum Iodine Nutritional Levels and Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies

Song,

Xu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objective Iodine deficiency results in elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations, with high iodine Tg being more immunogenic than low iodine Tg. The study investigated the correlation between serum iodine concentration and thyroglobulin autoantibody (TgAb) levels across diverse iodine nutritional statuses as determined by urine iodine concentration (UIC). Methods Demographic information was collected from 1,482 participants through a questionnaire. Blood and spot urine were collected to measure thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TgAb, thyroid anti-peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), serum iodine (SIC), serum non-protein-bound iodine (snPBI), urine iodine (UIC), creatinine (UCr). Results The median UIC and SIC were 146.5 µg/L and 74.9 µg/L, respectively. A linear relationship was observed between SIC, snPBI, and serum-protein-bound iodine (sPBI) (P < 0.001). The 90% reference intervals for SIC, snPBI, and sPBI were 50.7-120.7 µg/L, 21.9–52.9 µg/L, and 19.7–77.9 µg/L, respectively. The prevalence of elevated TgAb levels was significantly higher in women than in men (P < 0.001). Both low and high levels of snPBI and sPBI were associated with an increased risk of elevated TgAb levels. In women, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of snPBI (OR = 2.079, 95%CI: 1.166, 3.705) and sPBI (OR = 2.578, 95%CI: 1.419, 4.684) was higher. In men, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of StI was higher (OR = 3.395, 95%CI: 1.286, 8.962). Conclusion Iodine might exert an influence on TgAb levels through its binding to proteins, primarily Tg, thereby altering the iodine content of Tg. The interplay of gender factors further enhanced the risk of TgAb emergence.

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“…Glutathione peroxidase plays a crucial role in safeguarding the thyroid gland against the detrimental effects of hydrogen peroxide ( 106 ). Se is an important component of antioxidant defences, and Se deficiency may exacerbate the damage caused by iodine deficiency to the thyroid ( 107 ). Iodothyronine deiodinase can initiate or terminate thyroid hormone activity, dynamically regulating thyroid hormone signal transduction ( 108 ).…”

Section: Mechanism Underlying the Interaction Between Se And Iodine I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of selenium and iodine on Kashin-Beck disease: an updated review

Liu,

Luo,

Wen

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endochondral osteogenesis disorder characterised by epiphysis damage and secondary deformable arthropathy induced by multiple external factors, among which selenium (Se) and iodine deficiency are important influencing factors. Iodine deficiency is usually accompanied by a low Se content in the soil in the KBD areas of China. Se can reverse oxidative damage to chondrocytes. In addition, Se is related to the bone conversion rate and bone mineral density. Low Se will hinder growth and change bone metabolism, resulting in a decrease in the bone conversion rate and bone mineral density. Thyroid hormone imbalance caused by thyroid dysfunction caused by iodine deficiency can damage bone homeostasis. Compared with Se deficiency alone, Se combined with iodine deficiency can reduce the activity of glutathione peroxidase more effectively, which increases the vulnerability of chondrocytes and other target cells to oxidative stress, resulting in chondrocyte death. Clinical studies have shown that supplementation with Se and iodine is helpful for the prevention and treatment of KBD.

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Selenium and thyroid diseases

Cited by 24 publications

References 115 publications

Selenium supplementation and placebo are equally effective in improving quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism

Selenium supplementation and placebo are equally effective in improving quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism

Exploring the Correlation Between Varied Serum Iodine Nutritional Levels and Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies

Effects of selenium and iodine on Kashin-Beck disease: an updated review

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