Selenium for preventing cancer

Dennert, Gabriele; Zwahlen, Marcel; Brinkman, Maree; Vinceti, Marco; Zeegers, Maurice P.; Horneber, Markus

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005195.pub2

Cited by 93 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…Selenium has several anti-carcinogenic mechanisms including inactivating oxygen free radicals, initiating DNA repair, and inducing apoptosis 39 . However, animal and in-vitro studies have also shown that selenium promotes malignant cell transformation and protects tumor cells from stress-induced apoptosis 40 . Furthermore, a randomized trial of supplemental selenium found that selenium supplementation was linked to increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus 41 , a risk factor for pancreatic cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant intake and pancreatic cancer risk

Han

Brasky

et al. 2012

Cancer

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Background Oxidative stress causes damage to many components of human cells (i.e., proteins, lipids, and DNA) and is involved in carcinogenesis. Nutrients with antioxidant properties may protect against oxidative stress. We examined intake of antioxidants from diet and supplements in relation to pancreatic cancer risk among participants of the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) Study. Methods Participants were 77,446 men and women, ages 50–76 years, who were residents of western Washington State and completed a baseline questionnaire between 2000 and 2002. Participants reported usual diet over the past year and use of supplements over the past 10 years, in addition to demographic and lifestyle factors. During a median follow-up of 7.1 years, 184 participants developed pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cox regression models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for seven antioxidants: β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, lycopene, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium and zinc. Results We observed an inverse association between dietary selenium and pancreatic cancer risk (medium vs. low intake: HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.35–0.94; high vs. low intake: HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.23–0.85; p-trend = 0.01); however, when supplemental and dietary exposures were combined, the association was no longer statistically significant. Conclusions Dietary selenium intake is inversely associated with risk of pancreatic cancer and the observed association is attenuated by selenium supplementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant intake and pancreatic cancer risk

Han

Brasky

et al. 2012

Cancer

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“…Conversely, selenium is an essential micronutrient in which up to 1 billion people worldwide are deficient, causing a range of health disorders [4]. Several studies have suggested that selenium supplementation can reduce the risk of some cancers [5–9], although a recent review, which re-evaluated the findings of 55 epidemiological studies, concluded that there is currently no convincing evidence that selenium reduces cancer risk [10]. The authors observed that although the incidence of cancers such as bladder or prostate cancer had been found to be lower in people who had higher intakes, or blood levels, of selenium, other factors, for example overall better nutritional status or living conditions, could not be discounted [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have suggested that selenium supplementation can reduce the risk of some cancers [5–9], although a recent review, which re-evaluated the findings of 55 epidemiological studies, concluded that there is currently no convincing evidence that selenium reduces cancer risk [10]. The authors observed that although the incidence of cancers such as bladder or prostate cancer had been found to be lower in people who had higher intakes, or blood levels, of selenium, other factors, for example overall better nutritional status or living conditions, could not be discounted [10]. Nevertheless, selenium is essential for humans and, in a recent global survey of the selenium content of rice, levels were too low in most samples to meet the nutritional requirements of populations depending on rice consumption for their dietary selenium intake [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of recent developments in the speciation and location of arsenic and selenium in rice grain

et al. 2011

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Rice is a staple food yet is a significant dietary source of inorganic arsenic, a class 1, nonthreshold carcinogen. Establishing the location and speciation of arsenic within the edible rice grain is essential for understanding the risk and for developing effective strategies to reduce grain arsenic concentrations. Conversely, selenium is an essential micronutrient and up to 1 billion people worldwide are selenium-deficient. Several studies have suggested that selenium supplementation can reduce the risk of some cancers, generating substantial interest in biofortifying rice. Knowledge of selenium location and speciation is important, because the anti-cancer effects of selenium depend on its speciation. Germanic acid is an arsenite/silicic acid analogue, and location of germanium may help elucidate the mechanisms of arsenite transport into grain. This review summarises recent discoveries in the location and speciation of arsenic, germanium, and selenium in rice grain using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and synchrotron techniques, and illustrates both the importance of high-sensitivity and high-resolution techniques and the advantages of combining techniques in an integrated quantitative and spatial approach.

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“…Early trials reported that selenium supplementation led to significant decrease in the incidence of prostate cancer, but more recent trials have reported no benefits from supplementation. 21,22,29–31 The latest results from the SELECT trial however, report a possible increase in prostate cancer risk from selenium supplementation, although this increase did not reach statistical significance. 23 The Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial (NPCT) aimed to examine the effect of selenium on the incidence of several cancers and total cancer mortality.…”

Section: Summary Of Research To Datementioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products for Cancer Prevention

Greenlee¹

2012

Seminars in Oncology Nursing

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OBJECTIVES To review the clinical trial literature on the use and effects of natural products for cancer prevention. DATA SOURCES Clinical trials published in PubMed. CONCLUSION There is a growing body of literature on the use of natural products for cancer prevention. To date, few trials have demonstrated conclusive benefit. Current guidelines recommend against the use of natural products for cancer prevention. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Clinicians should ask patients about their use of natural products and motivations for use. If patients are using natural products specifically for cancer prevention, they should be counseled on the current guidelines, as well as their options for other cancer prevention strategies.

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Selenium for preventing cancer

Cited by 93 publications

References 183 publications

Antioxidant intake and pancreatic cancer risk

Antioxidant intake and pancreatic cancer risk

A review of recent developments in the speciation and location of arsenic and selenium in rice grain

Natural Products for Cancer Prevention

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