Selenium metabolism in goats - maternal transfer of selenium to newborn kids

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between selenium concentration and activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the whole blood of sheep and reference ranges for the activity of GSH-Px for evaluation of the selenium status of sheep in the Czech Republic. Selenium concentration and activity of glutathione peroxidase were determined in whole blood samples collected from 92 sheep in six herds. The GSH-Px activity in the samples was measured using the photometric method. Selenium in the sample was measured using the hydride technique atomic absorption spectrometry. Data on both parameters were processed using correlation and regression analysis in order to obtain reference values of GSH-Px for the indirect evaluation of the selenium status of sheep. The two variables showed a close and significant correlation (r = 0.95; P < 0.01). The regression line, defined by the equation y = 7.5857x -121.87 (linear) or y = -0.0167x 2 + 11.993x -355.57 (polynomial), allowed us to determine the GSH-Px activity of 637, resp. 677 μkat/l as equivalent to selenium concentration in whole blood of sheep 100 μg/l. Mean selenium concentration and mean GSH-Px activity found in whole blood samples were 123.42 ± 57.84 μg/l and 814.34 ± 463.64 μkat/l, respectively. In this study, a close dependence of GSH-Px activity on the selenium concentration in the blood of sheep was found. Activity values of GSH-Px were determined for use in the diagnosis of sufficient selenium status in sheep in the Czech Republic (GSH-Px activity greater than 600 μkat/l of whole blood).

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Czech Republic, for example, this has been demonstrated by Pavlata et al (2000) in cattle, Pavlata et al (2005) and Misurova et al (2009a) in goats and Ludvikova et al (2005) in horses. In the Czech Republic a correlation between concentration of selenium and activity of glutathione peroxidase in whole blood has not been described for sheep.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Direct and indirect assessment of selenium status in sheep - a comparison

Pavlata¹,

Mišurová²,

Pechová³

et al. 2012

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“…Primarily Se, together with other elements such as Zn or Cu, is known for its activity against reactive oxygen forms in tissues. Additionally, Co, Cu, Fe, Se and Zn deficiencies reduce resistance to infection and increase susceptibility to infectious maladies (Spears 2000;Bhaskaram 2002;Misurova et al 2009). Biological availability and absorption of minerals also differ between ruminants and nonruminants (Spears 2003), and between ruminants, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromineral and trace element supply in sheep and goats in Austria

Schweinzer¹,

Iwersen²,

Drillich³

et al. 2017

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to determine the supply of 25 different macrominerals (calcium, magnesium, potassium) and trace elements (aluminium, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silicon, strontium, sulphur, thallium, tin, titanium, uranium, zinc), and to ascertain the presence of any over-or undersupplies. As a second objective, we undertook a comparison of our results with existing reference values from selected literature and from laboratory analyses, with the aim of classifying the obtained results into the following categories: 'deficiency' , 'adequate' and 'oversupply' . For the study, 16 sheep and four goat farms located in the Austrian states of Upper Austria (n = 12), Carinthia (n = 6) and Vorarlberg (n = 2) were selected. From every farm, five serum blood samples were obtained by puncturing the vena jugularis to evaluate the macromineral and trace element status in clinically sound female sheep (n = 80; 12 different breeds) and female goats (n = 20; Saanen goats, Boer goats). The animals were kept for dairy farming (milking and/or meat production) or for landscaping. The mean age of both sheep and goats was 3.1 years (sheep: min. 0.5, max. 10; goats: min. 1, max. 5); 44% of the studied animals were lactating and 22% were pregnant at the time of sampling. The serum blood samples were sent to a laboratory and analysed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In summary, the supply with macrominerals and trace elements compared with reference values from the laboratory was adequate for As, Ca, Fe and Mg in sheep and for As, Ca, Cu, K, Mg and Se in goats. Although all animals in our study were examined for clinical signs of disease by the local veterinarian, oversupplies in sheep for the elements K and Mo and in goats for Fe as well as undersupplies in sheep and goats for Zn could be found in the serum of the studied animals.

“…Alternatively, other indirect diagnostic methods can be used, such as for example an identification of the activity of an enzyme dependent on the particular microelement, such as glutathione peroxidase in the case of Se (Pavlata et al, 2000;Ludvikova et al, 2005;Misurova et al, 2009b). Milk and hair are other materials used for diagnostics (Gabryszuk et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of long-term supplementation of zinc and selenium on their content in blood and hair in goats

Pavlata¹,

Chomat²,

Pechová³

et al. 2011

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This paper evaluates the impact of long-term supplementation of different forms of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on the content of these substances in the blood and hair of goats. Two analogous supplementation experiments were performed. 37 goats divided into four groups were used in the first trial with the Zn supplementation. Group A (n = 10) was a control group (with no Zn administered). A further three groups (B, C, D) were supplemented with Zn in various forms. Group B (n = 9) with zinc oxide, Group C (n = 9) with zinc lactate and Group D (n = 9) with zinc chelate. The second trial with Se supplementation was carried out on 20 goats divided into four groups. Group E (n = 5) was a control group. The other three groups were administered Se. Group F (n = 5) was supplied with a selenium lactate-protein complex, Group G (n = 5) with sodium selenite and Group H (n = 5) with selenium yeast. Three months later blood and hair samples were taken from all animals and Zn and Se concentrations were determined in whole blood, plasma, and hair. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was determined in the Se supplementation trial group. At the end of the trial the Zn concentrations in plasma and whole blood were without major differences between the groups. The plasma concentration of Zn did not increase from the initial value at the start of the trial. In hair the average concentration of Zn was 95.2-100.0 mg/kg in all groups. No conclusive relation was confirmed between the values of Zn in hair and its concentration in blood. The Se concentration in whole blood (µg/l) at the end of trial in supplemented groups (F -188.8 ± 24.6; G -197.2 ± 10.9; H -190.1 ± 26.3) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in the control group (E -103.1 ± 23.5). Similarly, the activity of GSH-Px (µkat/l) was significantly higher in all supplemented groups (F -872.3 ± 94.8; G -659.5 ± 176.4; H -839.8 ± 150.8) than in the control group (E -379.1 ± 63.5). Se content in hair (µg/kg) was higher also in all trial groups (F -242.3 ± 41.5; G -200.5 ± 46.9; H -270.0 ± 106.8) than in the control group (E -174.7 ± 38.0). However, it was significantly (P < 0.05) higher only in Group F. A conclusive correlation was identified between the Se concentration in whole blood and its content in hair (r = 0.54; P < 0.05; n = 20). Based on the results it can be concluded that none of the supplemented forms of Zn increased its concentration in blood, plasma and hair. On the other hand, the administration of Se led to an increase in the Se concentration in blood, increased the activity of GSH-Px in whole blood and the Se content in hair. Based on the proven correlation and regression relation between the Se concentration in blood and its content in hair, hair can be considered as a suitable material for the diagnosis of long-term Se status in goats. Goats with sufficient Se status are those that have more than 160 µg/kg of Se in hair dry weight.