Selenium status and its relationship with thyroid hormones in obese women

Fontenelle, Larissa Cristina; Feitosa, Mayara Monte; Freitas, Taynáh Emannuelle Coelho de; Severo, Juliana Soares; Morais, Jennifer Beatriz Silva; Henriques, Gilberto Simeone; Oliveira, Francisco Erasmo de; Neto, José Machado Moita; Marreiro, Dilina do Nascimento

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.012

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Thus, selenium supplementation is used to treat various autoimmune thyroid diseases (reviewed in [ 196 ]). Most studies in healthy individuals have observed an inverse relationship between selenium concentration and fT4 levels [ 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 ]. Regarding TSH and fT3, most studies did not observe significant changes in these hormones after selenium intake ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Environmental Factors That Influence Tsh and Thyroid Hormone Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Leko

Gunjača

Pleić

et al. 2021

IJMS

131

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Thyroid hormones are necessary for the normal functioning of physiological systems. Therefore, knowledge of any factor (whether genetic, environmental or intrinsic) that alters the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones is crucial. Genetic factors contribute up to 65% of interindividual variations in TSH and thyroid hormone levels, but many environmental factors can also affect thyroid function. This review discusses studies that have analyzed the impact of environmental factors on TSH and thyroid hormone levels in healthy adults. We included lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and exercise) and pollutants (chemicals and heavy metals). Many inconsistencies in the results have been observed between studies, making it difficult to draw a general conclusion about how a particular environmental factor influences TSH and thyroid hormone levels. However, lifestyle factors that showed the clearest association with TSH and thyroid hormones were smoking, body mass index (BMI) and iodine (micronutrient taken from the diet). Smoking mainly led to a decrease in TSH levels and an increase in triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels, while BMI levels were positively correlated with TSH and free T3 levels. Excess iodine led to an increase in TSH levels and a decrease in thyroid hormone levels. Among the pollutants analyzed, most studies observed a decrease in thyroid hormone levels after exposure to perchlorate. Future studies should continue to analyze the impact of environmental factors on thyroid function as they could contribute to understanding the complex background of gene–environment interactions underlying the pathology of thyroid diseases.

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Section: Environmental Factors That Influence Tsh and Thyroid Hormone Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Leko

Gunjača

Pleić

et al. 2021

IJMS

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The study also unveiled that women with obesity had elevated selenium excretion, suggesting a causal relationship to be further explored [82]. The same research group reported results from a different study within the same geographical area corroborating the negative association between plasma selenium and obesity, with higher clearance through excretion [83] but not higher selenium levels in the urine. Interestingly, the latter study also unveiled a negative relationship between selenium and free thyroxine (T4) and 3-3'-5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), both thyroid hor-Nutrients 2021, 13, 2027 6 of 14 mones regulating energy metabolism and controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis; however, the observed increases in thyroid hormone in women with obesity were not sufficient to indicate compromised thyroid function.…”

Section: Intersection Between Dietary Selenium and Obesity In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 65%

Intersection between Obesity, Dietary Selenium, and Statin Therapy in Brazil

2021

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Obesity is among the most alarming health concerns, impacting public health and causing a socioeconomic challenge, especially in developing countries like Brazil, where approximately one quart of the population presents obesity. As an established risk factor for numerous comorbidities with a multifactorial etiology, obesity is a consequence of energy-dense overfeeding, however with significant undernourishment, leading to excessive adipose tissue accumulation and dysfunction, dyslipidemia, and micronutrient deficiencies. About 60% of patients with obesity take statins, a cholesterol-lowering medication, to curb dyslipidemia, with ~10% of these patients presenting various myopathies as side effects. Statins act upon the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver, which is a pathway providing intermediates to the synthesis of selenoproteins, i.e., enzymes containing the micronutrient selenium. Statins have been postulated to negatively impact selenoprotein synthesis, particularly in conditions of selenium deficiency, and potentially implicated in the myopathies occurring as side effects of statins. The Brazilian population is prone to selenium deficiency, hence could be considered more susceptible to statin side effects. This review examines the specific consequences to the Brazilian population of the harmful intersection between obesity development and concomitant micronutrient deficiencies, particularly selenium, combined with statin treatment in the context of nutrition in Brazil.

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“…Selenium (Se) (Se 34 79 ) is an essential trace element mainly known for its antioxidant [ 1 ], anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties as it is part of the catalytic center of different selenoproteins [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Adequate Se intake is essential for immune, endocrine, cardiovascular, reproductive, and nervous systems functions [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. However, the margin between Se toxicity and its deficiency is very narrow [ 10 ].…”

Section: Selenium and Metabolism Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Selenoprotein Tissue Homeostasis in MetS Programming: Energy Balance and Cardiometabolic Implications

2022

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Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element mainly known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, as it is part of the catalytic center of 25 different selenoproteins. Some of them are related to insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) generation, modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the energetic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); they can also regulate the nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-kB), leading to changes in inflammation production. Selenoproteins are also necessary for the correct synthesis of insulin and thyroid hormones. They are also involved in endocrine central regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis, affecting growth and development. MetS, a complex metabolic disorder, can appear during gestation and lactation in mothers, leading to energetic and metabolic changes in their offspring that, according to the metabolic programming theory, will produce cardiovascular and metabolic diseases later in life. However, there is a gap concerning Se tissue levels and selenoproteins’ implications in MetS generation, which is even greater during MetS programming. This narrative review also provides an overview of the existing evidence, based on experimental research from our laboratory, which strengthens the fact that maternal MetS leads to changes in Se tissue deposits and antioxidant selenoproteins’ expression in their offspring. These changes contribute to alterations in tissues’ oxidative damage, inflammation, energy balance, and tissue function, mainly in the heart. Se imbalance also could modulate appetite and endocrine energy balance, affecting pups’ growth and development. MetS pups present a profile similar to that of diabetes type 1, which also appeared when dams were exposed to low-Se dietary supply. Maternal Se supplementation should be taken into account if, during gestation and/or lactation periods, there are suspicions of endocrine energy imbalance in the offspring, such as MetS. It could be an interesting therapy to induce heart reprogramming. However, more studies are necessary.

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Selenium status and its relationship with thyroid hormones in obese women

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Intersection between Obesity, Dietary Selenium, and Statin Therapy in Brazil

The Role of Selenoprotein Tissue Homeostasis in MetS Programming: Energy Balance and Cardiometabolic Implications

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