Selenium status, thyroid volume, and multiple nodule formation in an area with mild iodine deficiency

Abstract

Objective: The objective was to study the associations between serum selenium concentration and thyroid volume, as well as the association between serum selenium concentration and risk for an enlarged thyroid gland in an area with mild iodine deficiency before and after iodine fortification was introduced. Another objective was to examine the association between serum selenium concentration and prevalence of thyroid nodules. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We studied participants of two similar cross-sectional studies carried out before (1997-1998, nZ405) and after (2004)(2005), nZ400) introduction of iodine fortification. Serum selenium concentration and urinary iodine were measured, and the thyroid gland was examined by ultrasonography in the same subjects. Associations between serum selenium concentration and thyroid parameters were examined in multiple linear regression models or logistic regression models. Results: Serum selenium concentration was found to be significantly, negatively associated with thyroid volume (PZ0.006), and a low selenium status significantly increased the risk for thyroid enlargement (PZ0.007). Furthermore, low serum selenium status had a tendency to increase the risk for development of multiple nodules (PZ0.087). Conclusions: Low serum selenium concentration was associated with a larger thyroid volume and a higher prevalence of thyroid enlargement.

Iodine and Selenium Intake in a Sample of Women of Childbearing Age in Palmerston North, New Zealand after Mandatory Fortification of Bread with Iodised Salt

“…A previous NZ study found no association between selenium plasma and thyroid status and the authors suggest that low selenium status did not significantly affect people with marginal iodine status [34]. However the present population study has been categorised as having mild ID, so adverse effects from concurrent low selenium and iodine cannot be ruled out [35]. Rasmussen et al (2011) found that low selenium status among women living in areas of mild ID is associated with an increased risk of thyroid enlargement and increased susceptibility to multiple nodule formation [35].…”

Селен Та автоімунні Захворювання Щитоподібної Залози

“…Окрім доведеної ефективності в лікуванні авто-імунних тиреопатій, останнім часом зазначається перспективність застосування селеновмісних пре-паратів у лікуванні вузлових форм зоба, раку ЩЗ та інших тиреоїдних захворювань [18,20,25,26].…”

Does selenium supplementation affect thyroid function? Results from a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial in a Danish population

“…In Denmark, selenium status is considered to be borderline low to adequate, with serum selenium concentration of 98.7G19.8 mg/l in a recently investigated adult population (10). Interestingly, serum selenium concentration was inversely associated with thyroid volume and goiter in the same population (11). Similar observations in a study among French women (12) support that the thyroid gland also responds to selenium intake at marginal deficiency, where the activity of at least a subset of selenoproteins is not maximized (13).…”