Self‐Assembled Corrole/Chitosan Photothermal Nanoparticles for Accelerating Infected Diabetic Wound Healing

Abstract

Microvascular dysfunction caused by hyperglycemia leads to slow healing of diabetic wounds and significantly increases the risk of bacterial infection. The misuse of antibiotics can also lead to bacterial resistance, making the management of diabetic wounds more challenging. Thus, developing new antibacterial agents or strategies to overcome antibiotic resistance is highly pursued. Herein, novel supramolecular photothermal nanoparticles (MCC/CS NPs), assembled from mono-carboxyl corrole (MCC) and chitosan via hydrogen bonding and 𝝅-𝝅 stacking, are developed and used for treating bacterial wound infection. The MCC molecules possess good photothermal performance and the chitosan with inherent bioactivity can exert moderate antibacterial effects. The aggregation of MCC in MCC/CS NPs induced by chitosan-templated self-assembly further quenches molecular fluorescence and realizes an extraordinary photothermal conversion efficiency of 66.4%. Moreover, the highly positively charged MCC/CS NPs can selectively target bacteria via electrostatic interactions. Under near-infrared laser irradiation, the MCC/CS NPs achieve potent photothermal and inherent antimicrobial synergistic effects against Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro. Furthermore, the bacteria-infected diabetic wound model confirms that the MCC/CS NPs can effectively kill drug-resistant bacteria, accelerate wound healing and angiogenesis, and show good biocompatibility, representing a novel and efficient photothermal antibacterial nanoplatform.

AuPt Nanoparticle-Based Injectable Hydrogel as Cascade Nanozyme for Accelerating Bacteria-Infected Wound Healing

“…In contrast, both mature epidermal layer (red arrow) and skin appendages (blue arrow) formed in the AuPt/GOx gel + glucose + NIR group, indicating the elevated wound healing process. Collagen plays a crucial role in tissue reconstruction, which can be employed as a marker for evaluating wound healing . Thus, Masson staining was carried out to assess collagen fiber deposition (stained as blue).…”

“…Collagen plays a crucial role in tissue reconstruction, which can be employed as a marker for evaluating wound healing. 34 Thus, Masson staining was carried out to assess collagen fiber deposition (stained as blue). It was found that the blue color in the AuPt/GOx gel + glucose + NIR group is the darkest, revealing the maximal amount of collagen fibers.…”

Supramolecular hydrogels for wound repair and hemostasis

“…223 Therefore, researchers focus on new antibacterial strategies applied in developing antibacterial hydrogels to combat multiple drug resistant bacterial infections. 84,224,225 This section will introduce the latest research progress in various supramolecular hydrogels used to achieve antibacterial function in the field of wound healing, including the introduction of natural polymers and metal ions/nanoparticles, cation antibacterial strategies, photothermal antibacterial therapy 226 and the combination of these antibacterial strategies to enhance antibacterial function. 8 Some natural polymers with biocompatibility are widely used in the preparation of inherently antibacterial supramolecular hydrogels because of their universal or conditional antibacterial properties.…”

A Laser‐Driven Microrobot for Thermal Stimulation of Single Cells

“…[1,2] Delivering large populations of photothermally active nanoagents to the diseased site can kill solid tumors and bacteria in infected diabetic ulcers, via noxious heat. [3][4][5] Moreover, regulating the heat dose to mild levels has been shown to significantly enhance wound healing. [6,7] Furthermore, neuromodulation via photothermal heating was recently proposed as a therapeutic strategy to prevent ventricular arrythmias and to treat depression.…”