Self-Assembled Electrical Biodetector Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide

Kurkina, Tetiana; Sundaram, Subramanian; Sundaram, Ramesh; Re, Francesca; Masserini, Massimo; Kern, Klaus; Balasubramanian, Kannan

doi:10.1021/nn301429k

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…With its characteristic high surface‐to‐volume (S/V) ratio and outstanding electrical properties, graphene and its derivatives such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been mated into different device configurations and used as transducer materials . More recent research work on graphene and rGO has proven the material to be an ideal platform in order to develop tools for label‐free and ultrafast detection of molecules as well as development of other novel electronic and optical tools at the nanoscale .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphite oxide multilayers for device fabrication: Enzyme‐based electrical sensing of glucose

Lanche

Pachauri

Law

et al. 2015

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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In this paper, the use of graphite oxide multilayers as a transducer material for the fabrication of electronic devices is outlined. Graphite oxide flakes were produced in a solution‐based exfoliation method optimized for large area thin layers with narrow size distribution. A dielectrophoretic technique was used for scalable trapping of the graphite oxide onto the microelectrode pairs patterned over glass chips. The graphite oxide trapped in between microelectrode gaps was subjected to a very rapid thermal annealing step in ambient in order to make good electrical contacts with source and drain electrodes. After this, the graphite oxide devices were characterized for their electrical transport using impedance spectroscopy and field‐effect measurements in an electrochemical gate configuration. The conductivities of the graphite oxide devices were tested against the thermal treatment in air in order to determine a nominal burn‐out as well as the optimal parameters for device characteristics. The devices were surface modified with glucose oxidase and deployed for sensor operation. This work suggests for the use of graphite oxide thin‐layers as an easy and suitable alternative for the fabrication of electronic sensor platforms circumventing the dependence over tedious chemical and physical graphene oxide reduction methods. Schematic illustration of the graphite oxide (GrO) multilayer‐based electronic chips fabricated over glass substrates. The chips were deployed as sensors for the electronic detection of glucose. Schematics not fit to scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphite oxide multilayers for device fabrication: Enzyme‐based electrical sensing of glucose

Lanche

Pachauri

Law

et al. 2015

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…64 Electrical Measurements. For the measurements in the liquid gated configuration, 10,19 the samples were fixed on a chip carrier, and the electrodes were bonded using a manual chip bonder. A PDMS plate was cut, shaped as a channel connecting ARTICLE I two reservoirs, and placed above the gaps between the electrodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Label-Free Direct Electronic Monitoring of Topoisomerase Enzyme Binding Kinetics on Graphene

et al. 2015

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Monolayer graphene field-effect sensors operating in liquid have been widely deployed for detecting a range of analyte species often under equilibrium conditions. Here we report on the real-time detection of the binding kinetics of the essential human enzyme, topoisomerase I interacting with substrate molecules (DNA probes) that are immobilized electrochemically on to monolayer graphene strips. By monitoring the field-effect characteristics of the graphene biosensor in real-time during the enzyme-substrate interactions, we are able to decipher the surface binding constant for the cleavage reaction step of topoisomerase I activity in a label-free manner. Moreover, an appropriate design of the capture probes allows us to distinctly follow the cleavage step of topoisomerase I functioning in real-time down to picomolar concentrations. The presented results are promising for future rapid screening of drugs that are being evaluated for regulating enzyme activity.

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“…, immunoglobulins), where selectivity was enabled through antibody-antigen [62,63,64,65] or protein-aptamer [66,67,68,69] binding at the graphene interface. Moreover, the probe biomolecules (e.g., antibodies, aptamers, ssDNAs) may be labeled on the surface of chemically modified graphene via (i) chemical linkers [65,67,70]; or (ii) conjugation with NPs adsorbed on its surface [63,64,70]. The chemical-linker-based approach has been adopted by Kurkina et al [65] to realize a RGO-FET immunosensor for Aβ peptides.…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the probe biomolecules (e.g., antibodies, aptamers, ssDNAs) may be labeled on the surface of chemically modified graphene via (i) chemical linkers [65,67,70]; or (ii) conjugation with NPs adsorbed on its surface [63,64,70]. The chemical-linker-based approach has been adopted by Kurkina et al [65] to realize a RGO-FET immunosensor for Aβ peptides. The surface of RGO was initially functionalized with Staphylococcus aureus protein A (SpA) through carbodiimide coupling [71], and subsequently, anti-Aβ-antibodies were immobilized on SpA-RGO through the specificity of SpA with the Fc antibody fragments [72].…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-Enabled Carbon Nanostructures for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

2014

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Carbon nanostructures (CNs) are amongst the most promising biorecognition nanomaterials due to their unprecedented optical, electrical and structural properties. As such, CNs may be harnessed to tackle the detrimental public health and socio-economic adversities associated with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). In particular, CNs may be tailored for a specific determination of biomarkers indicative of NDs. However, the realization of such a biosensor represents a significant technological challenge in the uniform fabrication of CNs with outstanding qualities in order to facilitate a highly-sensitive detection of biomarkers suspended in complex biological environments. Notably, the versatility of plasma-based techniques for the synthesis and surface modification of CNs may be embraced to optimize the biorecognition performance and capabilities. This review surveys the recent advances in CN-based biosensors, and highlights the benefits of plasma-processing techniques to enable, enhance, and tailor the performance and optimize the fabrication of CNs, towards the construction of biosensors with unparalleled performance for the early diagnosis of NDs, via a plethora of energy-efficient, environmentally-benign, and inexpensive approaches.

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Self-Assembled Electrical Biodetector Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide

Cited by 42 publications

References 53 publications

Graphite oxide multilayers for device fabrication: Enzyme‐based electrical sensing of glucose

Graphite oxide multilayers for device fabrication: Enzyme‐based electrical sensing of glucose

Real-Time Label-Free Direct Electronic Monitoring of Topoisomerase Enzyme Binding Kinetics on Graphene

Plasma-Enabled Carbon Nanostructures for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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