Self-assembly of polyhedral metal–organic framework particles into three-dimensional ordered superstructures

Avcı, Civan; Imaz, Inhar; Carné‐Sánchez, Arnau; Pariente, Jose Ángel; Tasios, Nikos; Pérez‐Carvajal, Javier; Alonso, M. I.; Blanco, Alberto; Dijkstra, Marjolein; López, Cefe; Maspoch, Daniel

doi:10.1038/nchem.2875

Cited by 346 publications

(343 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The colloidal science domain is replete with synthetic strategies for patchy colloidal molecules, [ 25–34 ] anisotropic metallic colloids, [ 30,35 ] Janus particles, [ 36,37 ] and other polyhedra. [ 32,38–40 ] However, there is a demand to synthesize nonspherical microparticles with multiple facets that are not accessible via wet chemical or gas‐phase methods. [ 37 ] Current anisotropic polyhedral particles are predominantly metallic and sub‐500 nm [ 35,40–42 ] and the field lacks contributions from faceted polymer microparticles, [ 43–47 ] particularly those with surface functional groups.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Assembly of Liquid Particles

Shillingford

Kim

Weck

2020

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Positional ordering, patterning, and crystallographic structuring of materials are requisite for device fabrication at the nano/ microscale. Template-directed capillary assembly of colloidal particles [1] precisely controls the placement of nano/microscale objects into surface patterns for the generation of nano/microarrays and colloidal superstructures. [2][3][4][5] The method entails evaporation of particle suspensions comprised of polymer colloids, [6][7][8][9][10] metallic nanoparticles, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] or biomolecules [19][20][21] onto rigid or elastomeric substrates patterned with ordered cavities. Both 2D and 3D microarrays and colloidal clusters ensue with potential uses as optical materials, photonic bandgap structures, sensors, and substrates for epitaxial growth of more complex colloidal materials.The scope of surface patterns that can be produced with techniques such as photolithography, soft lithography, and electron beam lithography, enables precise control of geometry and organization of nano/micro-objects. Using these techniques, particles can either be deposited individually with Capillary assembly is a versatile method for depositing colloidal particles within templates, resulting in nano/microarrays and colloidal superstructures for optical, plasmonic, and sensory applications. Liquid particles (LPs), comprised of oligomerized 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, are herein shown to deposit into patterned cavities via capillary assembly. In contrast to solid colloids, LPs coalesce upon solvent evaporation and assume the geometry of the template. Incorporating small molecules such as dyes followed by LP solidification generates fluorescent polymer microarrays of any geometry. The LP size is inversely proportional to the quantity of deposited material and the convexity of the final polymer array. Cavity filling can be tuned by increasing the assembly temperature. Extraction of the polymerized regions produces solidified particles with faceted shapes including square prisms, trapezoids, and ellipsoids with sizes up to 14 µm that retain the shape of the cavity in which they are initially held. LP deposition thus presents a highly controllable fabrication scheme for geometrically diverse polymer microarrays and anisotropic colloids of any conceivable polygonal shape due to space filling of the template. The extension of capillary assembly to LPs that can be doped with small molecule dyes and analytes invaluably expands the synthetic toolbox for top-down, scalable, hierarchically engineered materials. www.advancedsciencenews.com

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Assembly of Liquid Particles

Shillingford

Kim

Weck

2020

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“…Preparation of ZIF‐8 Polyhedra with an Average Particle Size of 225 nm : ZIF‐8 polyhedra with an average particle size of 225 nm were prepared by previously reported method with minor modification . Typically, 600 mg of Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 ·2H 2 O was dissolved in 10 mL of water and 1.12 g of MeIM and 2.0 mg of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were dissolved in 10 mL of water by sonication.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confined Pyrolysis of ZIF‐8 Polyhedrons Wrapped with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets to Prepare 3D Porous Carbon Heterostructures

et al. 2019

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Heterostructured materials are interesting because they may combine two or more material building blocks that together generate new types of heterointerfaces with unusual properties. Using them to construct large‐scale 3D frameworks further extends their utility in electrochemical applications because it exposes more interfaces and active sites. In this study, electrostatic interactions are used to wrap polyhedra particles of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to prepare the composite structure. Pyrolyzing this structure generates a 3D porous carbon framework (PCF) composed of polyhedral‐shaped hollow carbon coated with reduced GO. The size of the polyhedral macropores can be adjusted from nanometer scale to micrometer scale. The PCFs generate a continuous network of heterostructured carbon with a large surface area and large pore volumes that are particularly useful as porous electrodes in lithium–sulfur batteries. The PCF/S composite electrode exhibits a high discharge capacity of 1151 mAh g−1 at 1 C and a low capacity decay of 0.035% per cycle after 650 cycles.

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“…Such particles are then spontaneously assembled into millimeter-ordered structures, creating photonic crystals, allowing them to dynamically change the wavelength of reflected light under gas sorption (Figure 7a,b). [135] The study of the use of spherical MOF colloidal crystals as matrices has also highlighted the possibilities for recognition of guest molecules with unique signaling. The unique integrated gap in such spheres provides a good way to manipulate the photophysical and photochemical behavior of the guest molecules inside the MOF superstructure, when it is used as a photonic structure.…”

Section: Optical Superstructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), which is characterized by the different interactions (mechanical, electromagnetic) between the central element, a meta atom of a specific shape and size, with its neighbors. [135] Scale bar, 1 µm. Based Adv.…”

Section: Mechanical Metamaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal–Organic Frameworks in Modern Physics: Highlights and Perspectives

et al. 2019

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Owing to the synergistic combination of a hybrid organic–inorganic nature and a chemically active porous structure, metal–organic frameworks have emerged as a new class of crystalline materials. The current trend in the chemical industry is to utilize such crystals as flexible hosting elements for applications as diverse as gas and energy storage, filtration, catalysis, and sensing. From the physical point of view, metal–organic frameworks are considered molecular crystals with hierarchical structures providing the structure‐related physical properties crucial for future applications of energy transfer, data processing and storage, high‐energy physics, and light manipulation. Here, the perspectives of metal–organic frameworks as a new family of functional materials in modern physics are discussed: from porous metals and superconductors, topological insulators, and classical and quantum memory elements, to optical superstructures, materials for particle physics, and even molecular scale mechanical metamaterials. Based on complementary properties of crystallinity, softness, organic–inorganic nature, and complex hierarchy, a description of how such artificial materials have extended their impact on applied physics to become the mainstream in material science is offered.

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Self-assembly of polyhedral metal–organic framework particles into three-dimensional ordered superstructures

Cited by 346 publications

References 37 publications

Capillary Assembly of Liquid Particles

Capillary Assembly of Liquid Particles

Confined Pyrolysis of ZIF‐8 Polyhedrons Wrapped with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets to Prepare 3D Porous Carbon Heterostructures

Metal–Organic Frameworks in Modern Physics: Highlights and Perspectives

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