Self‐Asymmetric Yolk–Shell Photocatalytic ZnO Micromotors

Wang, Linlin; Borrelli, Mino; Simmchen, Juliane

doi:10.1002/cptc.202100083

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Copper and copper-based materials are frequently used in catalytic scenarios because of their excellent capabilities to affect reaction pathways, for example, in organic transformations, catalytic polymerizations, or the degradation of H 2 O 2 . For its high turnover rate, this last reaction is used frequently in microscale propulsion , using copper as the catalyst . If the Cu surface is oxidized in a hydrogen peroxide environment (to Cu x O), the copper itself can also contribute to the photocatalytic activity in connection with an intrinsic photocatalyst like TiO 2 , changing the observed behaviors …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyol-Assisted Synthesis of Copper Particles

et al. 2021

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Copper colloids typically demonstrate excellent catalytic and electric properties, but their synthetic approaches lag behind their more expensive cousins. In this manuscript we investigate the synthesis of Cu colloids using a polyol-based method. We employ phthalonitrile as an additive, leading to competing reactions during the nucleation step and finally resulting in distinct sizes and properties of the copper particles. Even though during the polyol synthesis, the copper particles are partially protected from the high tendency of copper to oxidize, further treatment leads to the formation of a thin passivating and semiconducting Cu x O layer. Cu x O is known to be a visible light photocatalyst. We therefore investigate the size-dependent (photo)catalytic activity of these colloids using rhodamine B (RhB) as a model organic pollutant. Following asymmetrization via deposition of a thin Au layer on one hemisphere, we also demonstrate the applicability as a photocatalytic micromotor.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyol-Assisted Synthesis of Copper Particles

et al. 2021

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“…While the biological part includes the consumption of one species, resulting in well-predictable dynamics, with the well-known "Lotka-Volterra model" from ecological mathematics, the synthetic analogon mostly relies on chemicals released from one species, causing a phoretic response in the other. Examples include materials such as ZnO, [123,169] TiO 2 , [133,134,170] Ag 3 PO 4 , [171] and AgCl, [164] mostly photocorrosive materials that leave behind chemical cues, which can be sensed and reacted to by the other partners. There can be little doubt that, in order for artificial microswimmers to realize their full applications potential, controlling the collective behavior of swarms of active colloids to perform useful tasks will be a next critical step.…”

Section: Outlook -Collective Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal Active Matter Mimics the Behavior of Biological Microorganisms—An Overview

Nsamela

Zintzun

Montenegro‐Johnson

et al. 2022

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resources from the environment into building blocks and provides energy, and the capacity to pass on some form of inheritable information to the next generation. [1] The creation of artificial life-able to replicate these behaviors-is extensively studied with droplets, vesicles, [2] and DNA nanotechnology. [3] However, these exciting approaches belong to synthetic biology and are reviewed in detail in other excellent reviews. [4] While bio-inspiration has long been a driver for game-changing developments such as airplanes, submarines, radar, and water-repelling surfaces, on the small scale we see yet relatively few such developments. [5] There are fascinating micro-organisms that have evolved over billions of years, and over the course of this process they managed to adapt in different environments. The integration of living beings into their environment is a dynamic process that requires reaction and adaptation to external conditions and stimuli; it is all the more impressive, therefore, that some bacteria have adapted to water and land, but socalled thermo-and extremophiles have even adapted to survive the harshest conditions. Potential uses for smart small scale devices are plentiful, and range from drug delivery to sensing and environmental remediation, with specific literature available on all of these. [6][7][8] The first step is often assumed to be the ability to sense certain physical or chemical changes in the surroundings, and then evaluate which condition is more favorable and adapt accordingly. Artificial micromotors mimic biological microswimmers (Figure 1) in a fully synthetic way, giving microdevices motility, previously the attribute of living systems. Due to the small scale of these devices, their sensing and signal processing capabilities are very limited; yet still, several resemblances with living microswimmers have been observed and studied, and often impressive similarities or even additional understanding can be found. The goal of this review paper is to summarize recent progress in this area, and to give insight into the physical backgrounds of such biomimetic behaviors. Comparison of Biological and Synthetic Active MatterBiological microorganisms, often referred to as "microbes," are a highly diversified collection of living entities from all three branches of the tree of life: Bacteria and Archaea, which are This article provides a review of the recent development of biomimicking behaviors in active colloids. While the behavior of biological microswimmers is undoubtedly influenced by physics, it is frequently guided and manipulated by active sensing processes. Understanding the respective influences of the surrounding environment can help to engineering the desired response also in artificial swimmers. More often than not, the achievement of biomimicking behavior requires the understanding of both biological and artificial microswimmers swimming mechanisms and the parameters inducing mechanosensory responses. The comparison of both classes of microswimmers provides with analogies in thei...

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“…7,17) Allerdings hat der Ansatz der Januspartikel immer eine Schwachstelle in der Herstellung, da sie zwar verlässlich, aber kaum skalierbar ist. 18) Um diesen Flaschenhals zu umgehen, sind verschiedene Ansätze denkbar, etwa Ostwald'sche Reifung 18) oder induzierte Spannungen, die den Partikeln eine asymmetrische Morphologie verpassen. Hier sind weitere Studien notwendig, um festzustellen, wie sich lokale Aktivitäten verhalten, sowie theoretische Studien, wie sich bei angenomme-ner konstanter Aktivität, die Geometrie und Belichtung auswirken.…”

Section: Asymmetrieunclassified

Trendbericht Physikalische Chemie 2022: Aktive Materie und Licht

Simmchen¹

2022

Nachr Chem

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Die Aufklärung von Reaktionsmechanismen ist in der Katalyse wichtig, um die geschwindigkeitsbegrenzende Schritte zu verstehen und zu beschleunigen. Mit maschinellem Lernen lassen dann sich auf Basis der Mechanismen neue Katalysatoren entwickeln. Photochemische Umsetzungen in weichen Membranen folgen einer anderen Kinetik als Reaktionen in Lösung. Mikroschwimmer, Mikromotoren oder Phototaxis zählen zu aktiver Materie. Sie wandeln kontinuierlich Energie aus ihrer Umgebung um und bewegen sich autonom.

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Self‐Asymmetric Yolk–Shell Photocatalytic ZnO Micromotors

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Polyol-Assisted Synthesis of Copper Particles

Polyol-Assisted Synthesis of Copper Particles

Colloidal Active Matter Mimics the Behavior of Biological Microorganisms—An Overview

Trendbericht Physikalische Chemie 2022: Aktive Materie und Licht

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