Self-Care Instructions for People Not Requiring Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Mehraeen, Esmaeil; Hayati, Bagher; Saeidi, Solmaz; Heydari, Mohammad; SeyedAlinaghi, SeyedAhmad

doi:10.5812/archcid.102978

Cited by 42 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…COVID-19 infection with common symptoms such as fever and chills, cough and shortness of breath spread rapidly around the world [29,30]. As the disease progressed and many people became infected with the virus, more symptoms such as gastrointestinal involvements, neurologic complications and neuropsychiatric symptoms were reported [17,19,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a review of current evidence

Mehraeen

Behnezhad

Salehi

et al. 2020

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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115

104

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Introduction It is reported that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can affect the sense of smell and taste of infected people. The pathobiology of this virus is still incompletely known, and it is therefore important to explore the impact of COVID-19 infections on olfactory and gustatory functions. We aimed to review current evidence on olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions caused by COVID-19. Methods This study was a narrative review performed in 2020 to investigate the olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions of the COVID-19. We searched eight keywords in six databases to determine the related documents on the main objective of the study. To discover studies meeting the inclusion criteria, the authors screened the titles and abstracts of the identified articles. The appropriate studies were included and their results were discussed to make the final selection. Results We have studied 24 current articles on the olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to COVID-19. A review of current studies has shown that we have a surge in the spread of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions that happened during the epidemic of COVID-19 infection. Most studies (95.8%) have confirmed the symptoms of anosmia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A review of current studies showed that, in addition to anosmia, evidence of ageusia and dysgeusia (parageusia) was also seen in patients with COVID-19. Conclusion The results of our study support recent reports that SARS-CoV-2 may infect oral and nasal tissues and cause olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions. These findings may aid future research on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of COVID-19 consequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a review of current evidence

Mehraeen

Behnezhad

Salehi

et al. 2020

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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115

104

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“…The risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 reactivation are related to the type of immuno-suppressive therapies, factors in the host such as older age, gender, underlying diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, obesity, cancer, and virologic factors[ 1 , 14 ]. Some viruses such as varicella-zoster can remain dormant in host cells for some time, not causing any illness and then reactivate and cause the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinfection risk of novel coronavirus (CoVID-19): A systematic ‎review of current evidence

SeyedAlinaghi¹,

Oliaei²,

Kianzad³

et al. 2020

WJV

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127

120

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BACKGROUND There is recently a concern regarding the reinfection and reactivation of previously reCoVered coronavirus disease 2019 (CoVID-19) patients. AIM To summarize the recent findings and reports of CoVID-19 reinfection in patients previously reCoVered from the disease. METHODS This study was a systematic review of current evidence conducted in August 2020. The authors studied the probable reinfection risk of novel coronavirus (CoVID-19). We performed a systematic search using the keywords in online databases. The investigation adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to ensure the reliability and validity of this study and results. RESULTS We reviewed 31 studies. Eight studies described reCoVered patients with reinfection. Only one study reported reinfected patients who died. In 26 studies, there was no information about the status of the patients. Several studies indicated that reinfection is not probable and that post-infection immunity is at least temporary and short. CONCLUSION Based on our review, we concluded that a positive polymerase chain reaction retest could be due to several reasons and should not always be considered as reinfection or reactivation of the disease. Most relevant studies in positive retest patients have shown relative and probably temporary immunity after the reCoVery of the disease.

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“…As some cases show delayed symptoms, the possibility of human-to-human transmission could occur during the asymptomatic incubation period ( Li et al, 2020c ; Backer et al, 2020 ). Until an appropriate diagnostic cure is found, researchers have alerted countries to maintain a distance of one meter from infected persons to reduce the risk of transmission ( Mehraeen et al, 2020 ). Subsequently, many countries have now introduced movement control orders and lockdowns as preventative measures to curb the spread of the virus ( Hamzelou, 1981 ), urging their citizens to maintain social distance to minimize the spread of the virus.…”

Section: The Emergence and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV to target host cells and potential therapeutics

Saleemi¹,

Ahmad²,

Benchoula³

et al. 2020

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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The emergence of a new coronavirus, in around late December 2019 which had first been reported in Wuhan, China has now developed into a massive threat to global public health. The World Health Organization (WHO) has named the disease caused by the virus as COVID-19 and the virus which is the culprit was renamed from the initial novel respiratory 2019 coronavirus to SARS-CoV-2. The person-to-person transmission of this virus is ongoing despite drastic public health mitigation measures such as social distancing and movement restrictions implemented in most countries. Understanding the source of such an infectious pathogen is crucial to develop a means of avoiding transmission and further to develop therapeutic drugs and vaccines. To identify the etiological source of a novel human pathogen is a dynamic process that needs comprehensive and extensive scientific validations, such as observed in the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases. In this context, this review is devoted to understanding the taxonomic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV. Herein, we discuss the emergence and molecular mechanisms of both viral infections. Nevertheless, no vaccine or therapeutic drug is yet to be approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, although it is highly likely that new effective medications that target the virus specifically will take years to establish. Therefore, this review reflects the latest repurpose of existing antiviral therapeutic drug choices available to combat SARS-CoV-2.

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Self-Care Instructions for People Not Requiring Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Cited by 42 publications

References 17 publications

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a review of current evidence

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a review of current evidence

Reinfection risk of novel coronavirus (CoVID-19): A systematic ‎review of current evidence

Emergence and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV to target host cells and potential therapeutics

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