Self-compassion, burnout, and biomarkers in a sample of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional correlational study

Abstract

Background Burnout among healthcare professionals is a serious problem with multiple consequences for the individuals and organizations affected. Thus, accessible and effective interventions are still needed to prevent and attenuate burnout. Self-compassion has recently been well supported in preventing and reducing burnout in various professions. Current research also demonstrated protective associations between self-compassion and well-being and/or psychological health indicators. Few studies are available on this topic during the COVID-19 pandemic or on healthcare workers from Quebec or Canada. Moreover, only a limited number of studies have looked at the associations of self-compassion with physiological variables. This cross-sectionnal correlational study attempts to evaluate the association between self-compassion and burnout, among healthcare workers from Quebec (Canada) during the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 416 participants). Associations between their respective components are also tested. A secondary objective is to evaluate if self-compassion is also associated with a set of 38 biomarkers of inflammation (n = 83 participants), potentially associated with the physiological stress response according to the literature. Participants meeting eligibility criteria (e.g.: residing in the province of Quebec, being 18 years of age or older, speaking French, and having been involved in providing care to COVID-19 patients) were recruited online. Participants completed the Occupational Health and Well-being Questionnaire, and some participated in a blood sample collection protocol. Results Results showed significant negative associations between self-compassion, exhaustion, and depersonalization, and a significant positive correlation with professional efficacy. Some self-compassion subscales (mindfulness, self-judgment, isolation, overidentification) were significantly negatively associated with certain biomarkers, even after controlling for confounding variables. Conclusions This study adds to the existing literature by supporting the association of self-compassion with burnout, and reveals associations between self-compassion and physiological biomarkers related to the stress response. Future research directions are discussed.