Self-consistent modeling of induced magnetic field in Titan’s atmosphere accounting for the generation of Schumann resonance

Béghin, C.

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.10.005

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…The presence of brines can explain the observation of several phenomena such as the magnetic field of large icy moons, 2 the small oscillations of auroras on Ganymede, 3 and Schumann-like resonances in Titan's atmosphere. 4 In these celestial bodies and the alike, liquid water is separated from sources of inorganic ions by thick layers of dense ice like ice VI, ice VII, and possibly plastic ice VII. Therefore, brines can form via the diffusion of electrolytes from the rocky cores through these forms of ice (other means, such as impact with asteroids, need to be considered).…”

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brines, i.e., liquid water reservoirs with a low concentration of dissolved electrolytes, support life of Earth, and their presence is currently invoked to best explain phenomena such as the magnetic field of large icy moons, 2 the small oscillations of auroras on Ganymede, 3 and the Schumann-like resonance in Titan's atmosphere. 4 On the other hand, the presence of salts in liquid water on other planets and moons should not be given for granted, as most celestial bodies with liquid water are supposed to have subsurface oceans separated from the source of electrolytes (the rocky core or the silicate mantle) by thick layers of dense ices such as ice VI and ice VII. Therefore, understanding how ions permeate dense ice layers is of fundamental importance.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrolyte Permeability in Plastic Ice VII

Martelli

2023

J. Phys. Chem. B

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Deep brines in water-rich planets form when electrolytes diffuse from the rocky interior through layers of thick dense ice such as ice VII and the hypothesized plastic ice VII. We perform classical molecular dynamics simulations of Li + , Na + , and K + alkali ions and F − and Cl − halide ions in plastic ice VII at conditions similar to water-rich super-Earths, icy moons, and ocean worlds. We find that plastic ice VII is permeable to electrolytes on geological timescales. Diffusion occurs via jumps between adjacent voids in the bcc crystal structure and is governed by molecular rotations. An exception to this mechanism is Na + which, at variance with other ions, can substitute water molecules on lattice positions. The bulk modulus of pristine plastic ice VII is dependent on the pace of molecular rotations: when the rotations are slow, the bulk modulus is 1 order of magnitude lower compared to the bulk modulus at conditions of fast rotations, hence providing direct evidence of the role of molecular rotations in determining elastic properties. Electrolytes affect the bulk modulus only at high-concentration conditions and slow molecular rotations. Our results show that plastic ice VII may facilitate the development of brines in water-rich planets and ocean worlds, with a clear significance for their potential to support exobiology and for the chemical evolution of their aqueous reservoirs.

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Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolyte Permeability in Plastic Ice VII

Martelli

2023

J. Phys. Chem. B

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Science goals and new mission concepts for future exploration of Titan’s atmosphere, geology and habitability: titan POlar scout/orbitEr and in situ lake lander and DrONe explorer (POSEIDON)

et al. 2022

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In response to ESA’s “Voyage 2050” announcement of opportunity, we propose an ambitious L-class mission to explore one of the most exciting bodies in the Solar System, Saturn’s largest moon Titan. Titan, a “world with two oceans”, is an organic-rich body with interior-surface-atmosphere interactions that are comparable in complexity to the Earth. Titan is also one of the few places in the Solar System with habitability potential. Titan’s remarkable nature was only partly revealed by the Cassini-Huygens mission and still holds mysteries requiring a complete exploration using a variety of vehicles and instruments. The proposed mission concept POSEIDON (Titan POlar Scout/orbitEr and In situ lake lander DrONe explorer) would perform joint orbital and in situ investigations of Titan. It is designed to build on and exceed the scope and scientific/technological accomplishments of Cassini-Huygens, exploring Titan in ways that were not previously possible, in particular through full close-up and in situ coverage over long periods of time. In the proposed mission architecture, POSEIDON consists of two major elements: a spacecraft with a large set of instruments that would orbit Titan, preferably in a low-eccentricity polar orbit, and a suite of in situ investigation components, i.e. a lake lander, a “heavy” drone (possibly amphibious) and/or a fleet of mini-drones, dedicated to the exploration of the polar regions. The ideal arrival time at Titan would be slightly before the next northern Spring equinox (2039), as equinoxes are the most active periods to monitor still largely unknown atmospheric and surface seasonal changes. The exploration of Titan’s northern latitudes with an orbiter and in situ element(s) would be highly complementary in terms of timing (with possible mission timing overlap), locations, and science goals with the upcoming NASA New Frontiers Dragonfly mission that will provide in situ exploration of Titan’s equatorial regions, in the mid-2030s.

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